Effect of Insomnia on Post-operative Dental Surgical Pain: a Prospective Observational Study in an Adult Population.
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Recruiting
- Enrollment
- 90
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in Perceived Pain Intensity (VAS)
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The purpose of this prospective observational study is to evaluate the relationship between preoperative sleep disturbances-specifically insomnia-and postoperative pain intensity following oral surgical procedures. Recent scientific literature highlights a bidirectional relationship between sleep disorders and pain in dentistry, suggesting that disturbed sleep may actively exacerbate subsequent pain perception. Although postoperative pain, swelling, and masticatory difficulties are common after dental extractions, clinical data investigating the direct impact of preoperative sleep quality on these surgical outcomes remain scarce. This study will enroll adult patients undergoing routine dental extractions and allocate them into two cohorts based on their baseline sleep quality: patients without preoperative sleep disturbances and patients with preoperative sleep disturbances. Pain levels and sleep parameters will be assessed using validated questionnaires before the surgery and at a 7-day follow-up. The primary objective is to determine whether the presence of preoperative insomnia leads to a significant increase in perceived postoperative surgical pain.
Detailed Description
Study Design and Setting This is a single-center, prospective, non-profit observational cohort study conducted at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS. The study will span a total duration of 24 months: 18 months dedicated to patient recruitment and data collection, followed by 6 months dedicated to data processing and statistical analysis.
Patient data collection will begin only after obtaining explicit written informed consent and formal protocol approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Participant Recruitment and Timeline
Adult patients scheduled for dental extractions who meet the inclusion criteria will be invited to participate. Eligible individuals will be excluded if they are pregnant, present relevant comorbidities, experience acute pain/infections at recruitment, or take medications that interfere with sleep or pain management. The clinical workflow consists of the following phases:
- Baseline (Pre-surgery):
Prior to the extraction procedure, participants will complete a comprehensive set of validated psychometric and sleep questionnaires. Based on these initial assessments, patients will be classified into two parallel cohorts:
- Group 1 (patients without preoperative sleep disturbances) and
- Group 2 (patients with preoperative sleep disturbances).
- Intraoperative Assessment: Immediately following the dental extraction, patients will record the level of pain perceived during the surgical procedure. 3. Postoperative Follow-up (Days 1-7): Over the subsequent 7 days, participants will maintain a standardized daily paper diary to monitor daily pain intensity and log the frequency and type of any analgesic medications consumed.
- 7-Day Follow-up Visit: At the scheduled 7-day postoperative clinical control visit, patients will return their completed paper diaries and re-submit the same set of baseline questionnaires to track changes in sleep and psychological parameters.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Observational Model
- Cohort
- Time Perspective
- Prospective
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Age over or egual 18 years.
- •Need for odontoiatric surgical intervention (dental extractions).
- •Willingness to participate in the study by completing the proposed questionnaires.
- •Good understanding of the Italian language.
- •Ability to understand and sign the informed consent form.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Pharmacological therapy interfering with sleep or pain at the time of recruitment.
- •Acute pain or ongoing infections at the time of recruitment.
- •Relevant comorbidities.
- •Pregnancy.
- •Impossibility to complete the follow-up.
Arms & Interventions
Patients with preoperative sleep disturbance
Adult patients undergoing dental extractions who exhibit preoperative sleep disturbances. Target number: 45 participants.
Patients without preoperative sleep disturbance
Adult patients undergoing dental extractions who do not exhibit preoperative sleep disturbances. Target Number: 45 participants.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in Perceived Pain Intensity (VAS)
Time Frame: Baseline (pre-surgery) and 7 days post-dental extraction.
Perceived pain evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS 0-100), where higher scores indicate greater pain intensity. The outcome is measured as the change in pain score from baseline to 7 days post-extraction.
Secondary Outcomes
- Analgesic Medication Use(Daily, for 7 days following the surgical procedure.)
- Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) Score(Baseline (pre-surgery) and 7 days post-surgery.)