Reduced Contractile Reserve: a Therapeutic Target in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction(HFpEF)
- Conditions
- Pulmonary DiseaseHeart Failure With Preserved Ejection FractionLeft Ventricular Hypertrophy/Hypertension
- Interventions
- Registration Number
- NCT01354613
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Wisconsin, Madison
- Brief Summary
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for over 50% of heart failure cases in the United States, affecting a primarily elderly population. No treatment has been shown to affect mortality in HFpEF, which is more than 50% at five years a hospitalization. This project explores the underlying cardiovascular physiology of patients with HFpEF with the goal of identifying new therapeutic targets that would allow improved treatment of this devastating disease.
- Detailed Description
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a difficult disease to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms and clinical findings. The disease occurs in the elderly, who often have other illnesses and signs of aging that make diagnosis of heart failure more difficult. Recently, it has been suggested that HFpEF, which has primarily been thought to be a diastolic disease, is in fact multifactorial, with elements of abnormal systolic function and increased vascular stiffness playing a role in disease pathology. No treatment has been shown to reduce the high mortality of the disease. However, few studies have evaluated this population of patients during periods of increased physiologic stress, despite the consistent clinical presentation of impaired exercise tolerance with few symptoms at rest. This study explores the multifactorial physiology of HFpEF, with a detailed investigation of the specificity of abnormalities in contractile reserve and vascular stiffness for this disease, and exploration of the modifiability of these abnormalities. The techniques used are non-invasive, involving echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac function, and measurement of arterial stiffness using tonometry. The first aim of the study is to explore the specificity of a potential diagnostic test for HFpEF by investigating the change in ejection fraction before and after β-adrenergic stimulation with low-dose dobutamine in HFpEF compared to other groups important to distinguish clinically, specifically patients with shortness of breath due to pulmonary disease, and those with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy without clinical heart failure. In the second aim, the study will investigate the ability of the calcium channel blocker, amlodipine, to restore normal contractile responses of the myocardium. In the third aim, the role of arterial stiffness in drug responses in HFpEF will be explored. It is anticipated that improved understanding of the complex physiology of this multifactorial disease gained through this study will lead to more rational design of large clinical trials studying promising agents for HFpEF that impact not only diastolic function, but contractile reserve and arterial properties as well.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 14
- Male or female; Age 18 or older.
- Left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 50%.
- Symptomatic heart failure or appropriate comparator group criteria
- Informed consent signed by the subject
- Symptoms of active ischemia.
- Moderate or severe mitral or aortic stenosis, or severe aortic insufficiency.
- Serum creatinine > 3.0 or chronic hemodialysis.
- Known chronic hepatic disease; defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels > 3.0 times the upper limit of normal as read at the local lab.
- Severe renal dysfunction, i.e. glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <30 ml/min.
- Atrial fibrillation
- Myocardial infarction within the last year
- Coronary bypass surgery within the last 6 months
- Stroke within the last 6 months
- Known aortic aneurysm
- Contra-indication to withdrawal of beta blocker or antihypertensive medications
- Resting or orthostatic hypotension (SBP < 90 mmHg)
- Any gastrointestinal disorder which would interfere with drug absorption
- Any significant valvular heart disease, including prior multiple valve replacement.
- Pericardial Disease
- Infiltrative or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Cor pulmonale
- Unstable coronary disease
- Pregnancy
- Any condition which may prevent the subject from adhering to the study protocol, as determined by the investigator
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
- Clinical evidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, as manifest by at least 2 symptoms or signs, including dyspnea on exertion or at rest, orthopnea, jugular venous distention or hepatojugular reflux, rales or edema.
- Controlled systolic BP (< 150 mmHg on the day of study)
Pulmonary Disease Group
- Known obstructive airways disease with objective documentation of an isolated obstructive defect by pulmonary function testing.
- No history of heart failure.
- No history of cardiovascular disease, with the exception of hypertension or hyperlipidemia
- History and physical examination free of signs and symptoms of heart failure, including elevated jugular venous pressure, hepatojugular reflux, rales or edema.
- Baseline echocardiographic examination without evidence of heart failure, including systolic dysfunction of the LV or RV, or evidence of more than mild diastolic dysfunction on non-invasive assessment.
HTN/LVH Group
- Known history of hypertension.
- Echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction.
- No history or physical examination evidence of heart failure, including excessive dyspnea on exertion, dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, PND, jugular venous distention, hepatojugular reflux, rales or edema.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description HFpEF Amlodipine 25 patients with clinically diagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, confirmed by Framingham criteria, with EF \> 50% and without evidence of active ischemia or known severe CAD, valvular or pericardial disease, infiltrative or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cor pulmonale, severe pulmonary disease, or primary renal disease. Subjects will receive amlodipine, oral administration for a period of 12 weeks. HFpEF Dobutamine 25 patients with clinically diagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, confirmed by Framingham criteria, with EF \> 50% and without evidence of active ischemia or known severe CAD, valvular or pericardial disease, infiltrative or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cor pulmonale, severe pulmonary disease, or primary renal disease. Subjects will receive amlodipine, oral administration for a period of 12 weeks. Pulmonary Disease Dobutamine 20 patients with pulmonary disease and no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease LVH/HTN Dobutamine 20 subjects with known left ventricular hypertrophy and clinically diagnosed hypertension without the diagnosis of heart failure. HFpEF placebo Dobutamine 25 patients with clinically diagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, confirmed by Framingham criteria, with EF \> 50% and without evidence of active ischemia or known severe CAD, valvular or pericardial disease, infiltrative or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cor pulmonale, severe pulmonary disease, or primary renal disease. Subjects will be administered a placebo for a period of 12 weeks.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in pulse wave velocity 12 week study visit Change in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) with 12 weeks of therapy with amlodipine or placebo will be the primary outcome variable.
Change in ejection fraction with 5mcg/kg/min dobutamine day 0 and 12 week study visit The primary outcome variable in this analysis will be change in ejection fraction from baseline at the 5 mcg dobutamine dose.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
UW - Madison
🇺🇸Madison, Wisconsin, United States
UW - Madison🇺🇸Madison, Wisconsin, United States