MedPath

Pilot Optimizing Transfusion Thresholds in Critically-ill Children With Anaemia

Phase 3
Conditions
Anemia
Interventions
Procedure: Less red blood cell transfusions
Procedure: More red blood cell transfusion (standard transfusion strategy in PICU)
Registration Number
NCT03871244
Lead Sponsor
St. Justine's Hospital
Brief Summary

The Pilot Optimizing Transfusion Thresholds in Critically-ill Children with Anaemia (P-OpTTICCA) study is a pilot trial for a large pragmatic international parallel open-label non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. The primary outcome of the pilot study is feasibility.

Detailed Description

Patients in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) are among the main groups of transfusion recipients. Blood transfusions expose recipients to infectious and non-infectious serious hazards. Despite an increasing number of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion threshold randomised controlled trials (RCT) to date, only one large RCT, the Transfusion Requirement In PICU (TRIPICU) study (Lacroix. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1609-19) informs practice in PICU. This dearth of paediatric data was reiterated by a recent National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes state of the art symposium. Despite being internally robust, the generalizability of TRIPICU has been questioned given that nearly 90% of critically ill children with haemoglobin (Hb) level ≤ 95 g/L were not enrolled for a range of pre-specified reasons including severity of illness, clinical instability and uncertain physician buy-in, thus threatening broader application of this critical knowledge into practice. Recent data and evidence summarised in systematic reviews support the need to explore the benefits and safety of Hb threshold ≤ 70 g/L for almost all critically ill children, not only those who would have been enrolled in TRIPICU.

We propose an international pilot study that will inform the design of a large pragmatic non-inferiority RCT (termed OpTTICCA) conceived to derive generalizable transfusion guidance for physicians.

Objectives of the pilot-RCT. Specific aims are to:

1. Establish the feasibility of enrolling ≥80% of eligible patients.

2. Document adherence to study intervention ≥80% (restrictive transfusion policy).

3. Assess the incidence rate of the primary outcome measure of the full RCT (new and progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, which includes mortality).

4. Establish the feasibility of using routinely collected clinical information from electronic medical data monitoring system (eMDMS) to enhance cost-efficiency.

In the pilot-RCT, we will enrol 120 patients (20 to 40/site) in PICUs equipped with electronic medical data monitoring system (eMDMS). This trial builds on successful prior RCTs that involved international collaboration and funding (Canada, United Kingdom, France): TRIPICU, Age of Blood Evaluation (ABLE) (Lacroix. N Engl J Med 2015) and Age of Blood in Children in PICU (ABC-PICU study: Tucci et al. Trials 2018). The pilot-RCT will be considered as the vanguard phase of the full OpTTICCA RCT if no important design changes are required.

Expected results. This pilot-RCT will focus on feasibility parameters. It will explore whether we can 1) recruit a much broader eligible patient group, 2) assess protocol adherence, 3) assess the primary outcome measure, and 4) abstract most data electronically. A definitive trial will provide transfusion guidance for many important subgroups in whom evidence is presently lacking including children admitted with bone marrow failure, head injury, some cardiac disorders, and sepsis.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
120
Inclusion Criteria
    1. Hemoglobin concentration ≤ 95 g/L, while in PICU
    1. Not already participating to a randomized controlled trial on hemoglobin threshold to guide red blood cell transfusion practice
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Post conception age ≤ 36 weeks or > 18 years at PICU entry
  2. Refusal of consent by patient and/or parent
  3. Uncorrected cyanotic cardiac disease, univentricular physiology
  4. Sickle cell disease
  5. Brain Death
  6. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Restrictive arm (intervention)Less red blood cell transfusionsLess red blood cell transfusions. The protocol will require that no red blood cell transfusion be given unless the hemoglobin level is below or equal at 70 g per L.
Standard care arm (comparator)More red blood cell transfusion (standard transfusion strategy in PICU)Clinical teams will follow their usual transfusion practices.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Recruitment: consentOne year

Proportion of approached patients who decline consent \< 20%,

Recruitment: screeningOne year

Proportion of patients eligible for consent approached \> 90%;

Recruitment: enrolmentOne year

Recruitment: ≥ 2 patients randomized/site/week.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
SuspensionOne year

Proportion of children wha are suspended is \< 20%.

Data collectionOne year

Most data (\> 80%) are abstracted directly from electronic medical data monitoring system.

Data entryOne year.

Proportion of erroneous data entry is \< 5%.

ComplianceOne year

Proportion of RBC transfusions given with hemoglobin \> 70 g/L in the restrictive arm (definition of non-compliance) is \< 20%.

Representativeness: exclusionOne year

We recruit \> 80% of patients who would have been excluded from TRIPICU (Lacroix et al. N Engl Med 2007).

Representativeness: opt-outOne year

Proportion of dropout and lost to follow-up is expected to be \< 2%.

SeparationOne year

Post randomisation separation of hemoglobin concentration between both arms in the pilot-RCT is ≥ 10 g/L.

OutcomesOne year.

Incidence rate of the primary outcome measure - new and progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (NPMODS) - in the standard care arm of the pilot-trial is ≥ 20%.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

CHU Sainte-Justine

🇨🇦

Montréal, Quebec, Canada

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath