Comparison of deep friction massage and post isometric relaxation technique in combination with long wave diathermy for the management of Achilles tendinopathy

Achilles tendinopathy is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain, stiffness, and functional limitation of the Achilles tendon. Conservative physiotherapy interventions, including manual therapy techniques and deep heating modalities, are commonly employed to alleviate symptoms and enhance functional recovery. However, comparative evidence regarding the effectiveness of different manual therapy approaches combined with long-wave diathermy in the management of Achilles tendinopathy remains limited. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of Deep Friction Massage and Post-Isometric Relaxation technique, each administered in combination with Long Wave Diathermy, in individuals diagnosed with Achilles tendinopathy. A total of 40 participants aged 18 to 60 years will be randomly allocated into two intervention groups. Group A will receive Long Wave Diathermy combined with Deep Friction Massage, while Group B will receive Long Wave Diathermy combined with Post-Isometric Relaxation technique. Both groups will undergo the respective interventions for a duration of four weeks. Outcome measures will include pain intensity assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), functional status evaluated using the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment–Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire, and ankle joint range of motion. Assessments will be performed at baseline and at the end of the intervention period. The results of this study are expected to contribute to evidence-based clinical decision-making by identifying a more effective physiotherapy intervention for pain reduction and functional improvement in patients with Achilles tendinopathy.