Evaluating a Structural and Behavioral HIV Risk Reduction Program for Black Men
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 455
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Condom Use/Unprotected Sex - Redefined as Sexual Risk - 12 Month Follow-up
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Making Employment Needs (MEN) Count intervention, an HIV intervention and prevention program for heterosexual Black men. The MEN Count model integrates HIV risk reduction and gender-equity counseling with housing and employment case management via multiple one-on-one sessions delivered by a peer case manager over 60-90 day period. MEN Count was developed and pilot tested using a Community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach via funding from a National Institutes of Health (NIH) R21, in Boston, Massachusetts. A more larger scale, two-armed quasi-experimental controlled trial design will be used to test MEN Count among Black men recruited/enrolled from an STD clinic and other community-recruitment methods in Washington, DC. Study participants (N=504) will be Black men reporting heterosexual risk for HIV [unprotected sex with a woman and 2+ female sex partners in the past 6 months] and either current unemployment or homeless in the past 6 months. To evaluate the effectiveness of MEN Count, a two-armed quasi-experimental design will be conducted in which participants will receive either MEN Count or an attention comparison program similar to MEN Count in structure. We will assess program impact on reduction in number of unprotected sex episodes and incident cases of STI (Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis) via survey and STI testing, respectively, at baseline and 6 and 12 month follow-ups. Additionally, quality assurance and process evaluation efforts will be conducted to ensure high quality program adherence and delivery, as well as to support program replication should the model prove effective.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Non Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 40 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- Male
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Black men aged 18 and older, reporting heterosexual risk for HIV [unprotected sex with a woman and 2+ female sex partners in the past 6 months] and either current unemployment or homeless in the past 6 months.
Exclusion Criteria
- •planned to leave Washington D.C., Maryland, or Virginia in the next 6 months, were cognitively impaired (based on Folstein Mini-Mental Exam at recruitment or baseline testing), and/or had self-reported health status that prohibited them from participating in the program
Arms & Interventions
MEN Count
3 session HIV intervention including a) HIV risk reduction, inclusive of gender equity and healthy relationship counseling and b) case management support for stable employment and housing.
Intervention: MEN Count (Behavioral)
Comparison
An attention comparison program similar to the MEN Count intervention in structure (3 one-on-one sessions delivered over 60-90 days) but focused on stress reduction and healthy lifestyle.
Intervention: Comparison (Behavioral)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Condom Use/Unprotected Sex - Redefined as Sexual Risk - 12 Month Follow-up
Time Frame: 12 month follow-up
Behavioral assessment of the ratio of protected to total number of sex episodes -- changed to sexual risk inclusive of inconsistent condom use in past 90 days + multiple sex partners + sex trade involvement. Very low sexual risk was defined as having one partner and consistent condom use. Low sexual risk was defined as having multiple partners and consistent condom use OR one partner and no/inconsistent condom use. Medium sexual risk was defined as having multiple partners, no/inconsistent condom use and not participating in transactional sex. High risk was defined as having multiple partners, no/inconsistent condom use, and participating in transactional sex. Participants reporting sex with men in the prior 90 days or who reported that they themselves or (one of) their partner(s) was HIV-positive were excluded from the sexual risk outcome given the known differential HIV risk profile for these subpopulations and small numbers of participants in each.
Condom Use/Unprotected Sex - Redefined as Sexual Risk - 6 Month Follow-up
Time Frame: 6 month follow-up
Behavioral assessment of the ratio of protected to total number of sex episodes -- changed to sexual risk inclusive of inconsistent condom use in past 90 days + multiple sex partners + sex trade involvement. Very low sexual risk was defined as having one partner and consistent condom use. Low sexual risk was defined as having multiple partners and consistent condom use OR one partner and no/inconsistent condom use. Medium sexual risk was defined as having multiple partners, no/inconsistent condom use and not participating in transactional sex. High risk was defined as having multiple partners, no/inconsistent condom use, and participating in transactional sex. Participants reporting sex with men in the prior 90 days or who reported that they themselves or (one of) their partner(s) was HIV-positive were excluded from the sexual risk outcome given the known differential HIV risk profile for these subpopulations and small numbers of participants in each.
Secondary Outcomes
- Non-viral STI - 12 Month Follow-up(12 month follow-up)
- Non-viral STI - 6 Month Follow-up(6 month follow-up)
Investigators
Anita Raj
Professor
University of California, San Diego