Biomechanical Assessment and Biofeedback-training System for Handwriting
- Conditions
- Writing Learning Disability
- Interventions
- Other: Motor TrainingOther: Biofeedback Training
- Registration Number
- NCT03822702
- Lead Sponsor
- National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the real-time kinetics of handwriting regarding the design of the utensil and fine motor performances from biomechanical perspectives. It includes three parts.
The first part is an observational study design and the specific aim of the first part of the study is to establish a novel kinetic assessment system incorporated with Force Acquisition Pens (FAPs) designed with different barrel sizes and shapes for handwriting. The thorough calibration, examination of reliability and validity will be presented in this study.
The second part is also an observational study design and the specific aim of the second part of the study is to investigate the handwriting mechanisms using the kinetic assessment system incorporated with the motion capture system with children who have writing difficulties.
The third part is an interventional study design and the aim of this final part is to integrate the kinetic assessment system and the intervention concept to establish a Biomechanical Assessment and Biofeedback-training System for Handwriting (BABSH). Comparison of the intervention effect of the BABSH and traditional training for the children with handwriting difficulties will also be carried out in this part.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 125
- Able to use pen to write
- Children volunteers must study in elementary schools
- Handwriting problems are related to muscular, skeletal, nerve and brain damage or disease.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description 3rd part: Motor Training Motor Training This program includes 1 hour pre-test, 8 times training and 1 hour post-test. For pre-test, subjects need to do the specific writing tasks and fine motor test for one hour. A handwriting screening questionnaire shall be filled. For post-test, the same procedure will be ask to do again about one and a half month later . After pre-test, eight times of Motor Training will be asked. Each time will take 50 minutes, one or two times a week. All training will be completed in about one and a half month. 3rd part: Biofeedback Training Biofeedback Training This program includes 1 hour pre-test, 8 times training and 1 hour post-test. For pre-test, subjects need to do the specific writing tasks and fine motor test for one hour. A handwriting screening questionnaire shall be filled. For post-test, the same procedure will be ask to do again about one and a half month later . After pre-test, eight times of Biofeedback Training will be asked. Each time will take 50 minutes, one or two times a week. All training will be completed in about one and a half month.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in the total point score of three subtests of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2) baseline, 1.5 months These three subtests are 'fine motor precision (subtest-1) ', 'fine motor integration (subtest-2)' and 'manual dexterity (subtest-3)'.
The raw scores of the three subtests were then transformed into point scores based on the BOT-2 manual. The total point scores of the three subtests will be analyzed. For subtest-1, the range of total point score is 0 to 41. For subtest-2, the range of total point score is 0 to 40. For subtest-3, the range of total point score is 0 to 45. Higher total point scores represent a better performance (outcome).Change in the result of Chinese Handwriting Evaluation Form baseline, 1.5 months A questionnaire about handwriting performance. Each item is rated on a five-point ordinal scale
Change in the handwriting kinetic parameters baseline, 1.5 months The kinetic parameters designed by measuring the real finger force applied on a force acquisitional pen.
Change in the handwriting kinematic parameters baseline, 1.5 months The kinematic parameters designed by measuring the real hand motion using motion analysis system.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in the pinch force baseline, 1.5 months three types of pinch force were recorded by a pinch meter
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
National Cheng-Kung University
🇨🇳Tainan, Taiwan