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Treatment of Chronic Cluster Headache with TENS and ONS

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgia
Chronic Cluster Headache
Primary Headache Disorder
Headache
Pain
Cephalgia
Cluster Headache
Interventions
Device: Paresthesia-free (burst) ONS
Device: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT05023460
Lead Sponsor
University of Aarhus
Brief Summary

The study is an investigator-initiated, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial that aims to investigate the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) on attack frequency and severity in patients with chronic cluster headache (CH).

Study outline

Month 1: Baseline. Establishment of a baseline profile of the participants CH attacks (severity, duration, medicine utilization etc), health-related quality of life (QoL) and symptoms of anxiety and depression. No active treatment. Follow-up visit after 30 days.

Months 2-4: TENS period. All participants will receive TENS-treatment. Clinical follow-up visit by the end of month four.

Months 5-7: Double-blinded, randomized experimental period. All participants will have an ONS-system (lead, impulse generator) implanted and will be randomized 1:1 to receive either 1) burst (paresthesia-free) ONS or 2) placebo (deactivated ONS system). Clinical follow-up visit by the end of month seven.

Months 8-10: Open label period. All participants will receive tonic (conventional, paresthesia-inducing) ONS.

Clinical follow-up visit by the end of month ten.

During every study phase each participant will fill out a weekly electronic headache registration as well as answering questionnaires regarding health-related quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression before every follow-up visit.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
38
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Age 18 years and above
  2. Signed informed written consent
  3. Diagnosed with chronic CH according to the ICHD-3 criteria
  4. 15 or more CH attacks per month
  5. Stable use of preventive headache medication one month prior to enrollment
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Other ongoing neuromodulation therapy
  2. Current alcohol and/or drug abuse
  3. Severe psychiatric disorder
  4. Other chronic primary or chronic secondary headache disorder (e.g. chronic migraine)
  5. Major posterior neck surgery in C2-C3 level and above
  6. Pregnancy
  7. Treatment with oral steroids or GON injection within one month of study participation

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Paresthesia-free (burst) ONSParesthesia-free (burst) ONSImplanted lead and impulse generator (IPG), paresthesia-free (burst) active stimulation. Lead implanted subcutaneously over greater occipital nerves. Implanted IPG capable of providing paresthesia-free stimulation continuously.
PlaceboPlaceboImplanted lead and IPG, deactivated.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Incidence of treatment-emerged adverse events [safety] in TENS treatmentEvaluation at month 4

Treatment related adverse events and adverse device effects will be registered on an ongoing basis. Serious events will be handled immediately.

Incidence of treatment-emerged adverse events [safety] in ONS treatmentEvaluation at month 7 (burst ONS) and 10 (tonic ONS)

Treatment related adverse events and adverse device effects will be registered on an ongoing basis. Serious events will be handled immediately.

30% reduction in CH attack frequency with TENS- and ONS-treatmentPrimary evaluation through month 4 (TENS) and 7 (ONS, blinded)

Proportion of participants with a positive treatment outcome of a 30% reduction in CH attack frequency compared to baseline.

A CH attack is here defined as any attack recognised by the patient as a CH attack.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Feasibility of TENS as a predictor for the efficacy of ONS treatmentThrough month 4 and 10

Comparison will be made of headache data from the last month of treatment with TENS and tonic ONS, respectively, to evaluate whether a 30% reduction in CH attack duration with TENS-treatment correlates to a 30% reduction in CH attack duration with ONS-treatment.

Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS)At month 4, 7 and 10

HADS is a self-assessment questionnaire consisting of seven items each for depression and anxiety sub-scales. Scoring for each item ranges from zero to three, with three denoting highest anxiety or depression level.

HADS score will be evaluated at every follow up and compared to baseline.

Health-related quality of life (EuroQoL 5D-5L)At month 4, 7 and 10

The EQ 5D-5L is a well-established measure of health-related quality of life that is quantified as a utility (a measure of quality of life between 0 and 1) based on a danish value set. Furthermore a total score that ranges from 0-100 (visual analog scale), a higher score indicates better health-related quality of life.

Self reported sleep qualityAt month 4, 7 and 10

Proportion af participants reporting a positive treatment outcome defined as a two-point improvement on a four-point scale compared to baseline.

Non-inferiority study: Burst ONS versus tonic ONSThrough month 7 and 10

Comparing treatment outcome of burst ONS and tonic ONS.

Patient-perceived Global Impression of Change (PGIC)At month 4, 7 and 10

The number of participants who rates their condition 'much improved' or 'very much improved' as assessed by PGIC.

Reduction in background headacheAt month 4, 7 and 10

Proportion of participants reporting a reduction in background headache. A positive treatment outcome will be defined as a two-point improvement on a four-point scale compared to baseline.

30% reduction of pain intensity in CH attacksThrough month 4, 7 and 10

Weekly self reported pain intensity on a numeric rating scale from 0-10 with 0 being "no pain" and 10 "the worst possible pain".

Proportion of participants with a positive treatment outcome of a 30% reduction in pain intensity during CH attacks compared to baseline.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Aarhus University Hospital

🇩🇰

Aarhus N, Denmark

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