Effects of NAC Supplementation on Immune Function, Inflammatory and Performance Responses of Elite Soccer Players Participated in Three Repetitive Games.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change in total antioxidant capacity in serum
研究概览
简要总结
In this investigation the investigators utilized NAC supplementation to boost GSH availability during an one-week-microcycle consisting of three soccer games, in order to test the hypotheses that: i) antioxidant supplementation may enhance the recovery of performance and physiological stress variables following multiple match-plays and ii) redox status perturbations are critical in regulating the inflammatory response and repair in skeletal muscle, following repetitive exercise-induced muscle injuries.
详细描述
After exercise-induced muscle microtrauma the thiol/disulfide couple of reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is a key regulator of important transcriptional pathways that control the inflammatory response and recovery of skeletal muscle.
The objective was to examine how thiol-based antioxidant supplementation affects the muscle damage, oxidative stress, inflammatory and immune responses, as well as the level of post-game fatigue and muscle's recovery kinetics in response to three soccer games within a week. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: i) Experimental-NAC [EXP-NAC, N=10, participated in daily training sessions and three games and received NAC (20 mg/kg/day)], ii) Experimental-Placebo (EXP-Pla, N=10, participated in daily training sessions and three games and received Placebo), iii) Control-NAC [CON-NAC, N=10, participated in daily training sessions only and received NAC(20 mg/kg/day)] and iv) Control-Placebo (CON-Pla, N=10, participated in daily training sessions only and received Placebo). Blood samples were collected at baseline, post-games and daily during recovery. Performance was assessed at baseline and daily during recovery.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 28 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Participation at elite level (top three division leagues) of soccer competition for at least five years
- •Abstained from consumption of performance-enhancing supplements, antioxidant supplements and medications (for at least 6 months before and during the study)
- •Participation in at least six two-hour training sessions and one match per week
- •Non-smokers
排除标准
- •A known NAC intolerance or allergy
- •A recent febrile illness
- •History of muscle lesion
- •Lower limb trauma
- •Metabolic diseases
研究组 & 干预措施
EXP-NAC
Participated in daily training sessions and three games, and supplemented daily with N-acetylcysteine, orally in three daily dosages (morning-midday-evening),for seven consecutive days.
干预措施: N-acetylcysteine (Dietary Supplement)
EXP-Pla
Participated in daily training sessions and three games, and supplemented daily with Placebo, orally in three daily dosages (morning-midday-evening), for seven consecutive days.
干预措施: Placebo (Dietary Supplement)
CON-Pla
Participated in daily training sessions only and supplemented daily with Placebo, orally in three daily dosages (morning-midday-evening), for seven consecutive days.
干预措施: Placebo (Dietary Supplement)
CON-NAC
Participated in daily training sessions only and supplemented daily with N-acetylcysteine, orally in three daily dosages (morning-midday-evening),for seven consecutive days.
干预措施: N-acetylcysteine (Dietary Supplement)
结局指标
主要结局
Change in total antioxidant capacity in serum
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in protein carbonyls in serum
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in serum
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in reduced glutathione in red blood cells
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in oxidized glutathione in red blood cells
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in creatine kinase in activity in plasma
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in white blood cell count in blood
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Change in repeated sprint ability
时间窗: At baseline and daily throughout the study, up to 11 days
Players' repeated sprint ability was assessed via a repeared sprint test. Each player performed 5 x 30 meters sprints interspersed by 25 seconds of active recovery. Sprint time was recorded by using infrared photoelectrical gates.
Change in high intensity running during the game
时间窗: During games 1, 2 and 3
High intensity running (i.e. \> 14km/h) during the games was monitored by utilizing high time-resolution GPS devices.
次要结局
- Change in blood lactate concentration during the game(During games 1, 2 and 3)
- Change in average heart rate during the game(During games 1, 2 and 3)
研究者
Ioannis G. Fatouros
Associate Professor
University of Thessaly