Research on Key Technologies of Precision Nutrition for Obesity Intervention

Standardized energy-restricted balanced dietary intervention was provided. The intake for men was 1350kcal/d, and for women it was 1100kcal/d. The proportions of the three major nutrients were 50-65% carbohydrates, 20-30% fats, and 15-20% proteins.

Based on subjects baseline diet quality assessment (by FFQ questionnaires and 3 diet records) and baseline clinical data (blood glucose, blood lipid, CRP, etc.), formulate diet plan, targeted adjust the types and proportions of food, mainly includes the following three types: Scheme 1: A low fat diet intake of 1350 kcal/d pattern men, women of 1100 kcal/d, compared with three major nutrients carbohydrate 62%, fat 20%, protein 18%. Scheme 2: low carbohydrate diet intake of 1350 kcal/d pattern men, women of 1100 kcal/d, three major nutrients ratio of carbohydrate, 37% fat, 45% protein, 18%. Solution 3: limited energy balanced diet provide a standardized and balanced energy-restricted diet (1,350 kcal/d for men and 1,100 kcal/d for women), with the proportion of the three major nutrients being 54% carbohydrates, 28% fats, and 18% proteins. Staple meal replacement: Replace two meals a day with full-nutrition meal replacement , wwith a calorie content of 30 to 40%.

Integrate deep phenotypes (diet quality, physical fitness test results, clinical indicators), superimpose obesity nutrition gene data, including the test results of 33 obesity-related genes (such as FTO, MC4R) and nutrient metabolism genes (such as APOA2, PPARG), and customize the macronutrient ratio (such as adopting a low-carbohydrate diet for those with high carbohydrate sensitivity). Dietary patterns mainly include low-fat dietary patterns, low-carb and low-fat dietary patterns, and balanced energy-restricted dietary patterns. Staple meal replacement: The same meal replacement plan as the deep phenotype group.

Integrating deep phenotypes (diet quality, physical fitness test results, clinical indicators), superimposing obesity nutrition gene + intestinal flora genomic data, including 33 obesity nutrition-related genes and 170 intestinal obesity nutrient metabolic bacterial genera/species test results, to customize the proportion of macronutrients. Dietary patterns mainly include low-fat dietary patterns, low-carb and low-fat dietary patterns, and balanced energy-restricted dietary patterns. Staple meal replacement: The same meal replacement plan as the deep phenotype group.