The Effect of Stress Ball and Breathing Exercises on Fear and Pain in Adolescents Giving Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) Test
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 96
- Locations
- 3
- Primary Endpoint
- Fear score
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be one of the longest lasting pandemics experienced in recent times. Although the disease shows symptoms in different ways, the most effective diagnostic method known is the PCR test. This procedure is an unknown test method that many people have never had in their lifetime. Uncertainty in any subject causes stress and fear in the person. When the suspicion of a disease is added to this situation, the situation can reach even more serious dimensions. For this reason, it can be said that the PCR test can cause many problems, especially fear and pain. The most important health professional that the patient can reach before, during and after the test is the nurse. In order for the nurse to complete the test in a short time and with success, it may be necessary for the applicants to keep their fear levels under control and to support their fear management. In addition, the nurse plays an important role in the assessment and management of pain.
In the literature review, no study was found on reducing the fear and pain of the adolescents who gave the PCR Test. It is also thought that breathing exercises and stress ball can be an advantageous method in reducing pain and fear, considering their easy accessibility, affordable cost and long-term use. For this reason, this study was planned to determine the effect of stress ball and breathing exercises on the management of fear and pain that may occur due to PCR testing.
Detailed Description
Research type: Randomized controlled experimental study
Dependent variables: Adolescents' fear and pain levels from PCR testing Independent variables: Stress ball, breathing exercises, demographics
Hypotheses H0: Stress ball and breathing exercises have no effect on reducing fear and pain during the PCR test process.
H1: Stress ball has an effect on the level of fear that occurs during the PCR Test process.
H2: Breathing exercises have an effect on the level of fear that occurs during the PCR Test process.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 12 Years to 18 Years (Child, Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •The child is in the 12-18 age group,
- •PCR Test was performed by the same nurse,
- •The child has no pain (due to the disease, drug side effects, distension),
- •The child does not have a hearing problem,
- •PCR Test was performed in one go,
- •The child has no history of epilepsy, migraine or vestibular disorders,
- •Not taking analgesics in the last six hours,
- •Absence of any medication that can affect the feeling of pain and fear that he uses constantly,
- •The child and parent speak and understand Turkish comfortably,
- •The child's mental development level to be able to answer the questions asked,
- •Parents and children are willing to participate in the research,
- •Obtaining written and verbal consent from parents.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Inability to perform PCR test in one go
- •Presence of a chronic disease that may affect the sense of pain and fear of the adolescent.
- •Having excessive fear and panic behavior before the procedure
- •Negative effects on communication due to fear and panic behaviors
- •Not being willing to participate in the study
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Fear score
Time Frame: 5 minutes
Adolescents' fears will be evaluated (0-4 point)
Pain score
Time Frame: 5 minutes
Adolescents' pain will be evaluated (0-4 point)
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Ayse Sonay Turkmen, Prof.Dr
Assoc.Prof.
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University