Modifications to Phase Angle After Resistance Training Are Associated With Changes in Body Composition, Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Older Women
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 51
- 主要终点
- Change in CATALASE (CAT)
研究概览
简要总结
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on phase angle (PhA), body composition, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, in older women and to evaluate whether RT induced adaptations on body composition, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers are related to healthy adaptations in PhA.
详细描述
The investigation was carried out over a period of 16 weeks, with 12 weeks dedicated to the RT program and 4 weeks allocated for measurements. Anthropometric, body composition, and blood samples measurements were performed at weeks 1-2, and 15-16. A supervised progressive RT was performed between weeks 3-14. The CG did not perform any type of physical exercise during this period.
Recruitment was carried out through newspaper and radio advertisings, and home delivery of leaflets in the central area and residential neighborhoods. All participants completed health history and physical activity questionnaires and met the following inclusion criteria: 60 years old or more, physically independent, free from cardiac or orthopedic dysfunction, not receiving hormonal replacement therapy, and not performing any regular physical exercise more than once a week over the six months preceding the beginning of the investigation. After individual interviews, 59 volunteers were dismissed as potential candidates because they did not meet the inclusion criteria for the investigation. The remaining 51 older women were randomly divided into one of two groups: a training group that performed the RT program or a control group that did not perform any type of physical exercise. Anthropometric, body composition (DXA), phase angle, total body water (intra and extracellular water compartments; Xitron 4200 Bioimpedance Spectrum Analyzer), muscular strength (1RM), and blood sample measurements were performed pre- and post-training. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was applied for intra- and inter-group comparisons. When an F-ratio was significant, Fisher's post hoc test was employed to identify mean differences. The statistical power was determined to verify the statistical power of the analysis. Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between delta percent changes in body composition, and muscular strength, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers (independent variables) with the percentage change in PhA (dependent variables). Subsequently, linear regression (bivariate analyses) was performed for all variables that presented P<0.05 in the Pearson's correlation analyses. For the multiple comparison the multivariate regression model was performed. For all statistical analyses, significance was accepted at P<0.05.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 60 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •60 years old or more, physically independent, free from cardiac or orthopedic dysfunction, not receiving hormonal replacement therapy, and not performing any regular physical exercise more than once a week in the six months preceding the beginning of the investigation.
- •Participants passed a diagnostic graded exercise stress test with a 12-lead electrocardiogram, reviewed by a cardiologist, and were released with no restrictions for participation in this investigation.
排除标准
- •All subjects not participating in 85% of the total sessions of training or withdrawl
研究组 & 干预措施
intervention 1
The training group performed the resistance training (RT) program. All participants were personally supervised by physical education professionals with substantial RT experience. The sessions were performed 3 times per week on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, wirh 3 sets of 10-15 repetition maximums.The RT program was performed in the following order: chest press, seated row, triceps pushdown, preacher curl, horizontal leg press, knee extension, leg curl, , and seated calf raise.
Participants were afforded a 1 to 2 min rest interval between sets and 2 to 3 min between each exercise. The training load was consistent with the prescribed number of repetitions for the three sets of each exercise
干预措施: Resistance Training (Other)
control group
The control group did not perform any type of physical exercise during the intervention period.
结局指标
主要结局
Change in CATALASE (CAT)
时间窗: Baseline and 12 weeks
The CAT analysis is by measuring the decay in concentration of H2O2, and oxygen generation using the technique described by literature. The reading of the CAT reaction was carried out in a spectrophotometer, ThermoSpectronic® brand, model HELIOS-α (Waltham, MA, USA) at a wavelength of 240 nm. Results are expressed in U / mgHb .
Change in superoxide dismutase (SOD)
时间窗: Baseline and 12 weeks
The SOD activity in erythrocytes was determined using the pyrogallol method described by literature. The reading of SOD reaction is performed in a spectrophotometer, ThermoSpectronic® brand, model HELIOS-α (Waltham, MA, USA) at a wavelength of 420 nm. Results are expressed in U / mgHb (Marklund S)
Change in advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)
时间窗: Baseline and 12 weeks
For measurements, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were determined in the plasma using a semiautomatic method. AOPP concentrations were expressed as micromoles per liter (μmol/L) of chloramines-T equivalents.
Change in Phase Angle
时间窗: baseline and 12 weeks
Spectral bioelectrical impedance device (Xitron Hydra, model 4200, Xitron Technologies, San Diego, CA, USA) was used to estimate the resistance (R), and reactance (Xc), and subsequently the PhA was calculated as arc-tangent (Xc/R) x 180°/π. The results are presented in degree
Change in body composition
时间窗: baseline and 12 weeks
Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (Lunar Prodigy, model NRL 41990, GE Lunar, Madison, WI) was used to assess body fat, trunk fat and appendicular lean soft tissue. The total skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was estimated by the predictive equation proposed by Kim et al. (Kim et al., 2002). The results are presented in kg.
Change in CRP
时间窗: baseline and 12 weeks
Measurements of serum levels of high-sensitivity CRP were carried out using a biochemical auto-analyzer system (Dimension RxL Max - Siemens Dade Behring) according to established methods in the literature consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations. The results are presented in milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL).
Change in cellular hydration
时间窗: baseline and 12 weeks
Spectral bioelectrical impedance device (Xitron Hydra, model 4200, Xitron Technologies, San Diego, CA, USA) was used to estimate the intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), and total body water (TBW). The results are presented in liters (L)
Change in inflammatory markers
时间窗: Baseline and 12 weeks
TNF-α, and IL-6, IL-10 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), according to the specifications of the manufacturer (Quantikine High Sensitivity Kit, R\&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and performed in a microplate reader Perkin Elmer, model EnSpire (Waltham, MA, USA). All samples were determined in duplicate to guarantee the precision of the results. The results are presented in picograms per milliliter (pg/ml).
次要结局
- change in Muscular strength(baseline and 12 weeks)
- Dietary intake(baseline and 12 weeks)
研究者
Crisieli Maria Tomeleri
Doctor
Universidade Estadual de Londrina