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The Effect of High-flow Nasal Oxygen Flow Rate on Gas Exchange During Apnoea

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Apnea
Respiration; Arrest
Anesthesia
Interventions
Procedure: Apnoeic oxygenation
Registration Number
NCT05124093
Lead Sponsor
University College Hospital Galway
Brief Summary

Apnoeic oxygenation refers to oxygenation that occurs through the insufflation of oxygen into the lungs in the absence spontaneous respiration or positive pressure ventilation. It is used to extend the time to desaturation at induction of anaesthesia and as a primary oxygenation technique during airway surgery. The impact of high-flow nasal oxygen flow rate selection on gas exchange is poorly understood. Participants in this study will be randomised to receive a certain nasal oxygen flow rate during apnoea and its effect on gas exchange will be measured by blood gas analysis.

Detailed Description

Apnoeic oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen has been proposed to result in carbon dioxide clearance. However, this has been poorly quantified.

This study will compare use of nasal oxygen at different flow rates during apnoea with that of a control that does not receive nasal oxygen. Participants are anaesthetised after standardised pre-oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen, after which they will receive one of three nasal oxygen flow rates (0, 70, 120 L/min).

The rate of carbon dioxide elevation will be measured by arterial blood gas analysis after the onset of apnoea and compared between the three groups to discern the relative rates of carbon dioxide clearance after the first minute of apnoea. The effect of nasal oxygen flow rate on oxygenation will also be measured.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
114
Inclusion Criteria
  • 18 years of age or older
  • ASA 1 or 2
  • Receiving a general anaesthetic for non-emergent surgery
Exclusion Criteria
  • ASA score ≥3
  • BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
  • Nasal obstruction
  • Baseline SpO2 ≤95% on room air
  • Anticipated difficult airway management
  • Requirement for awake intubation
  • Pregnancy
  • Positive PCR test for coronavirus in preceding 14 days.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Apnoeic oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen at 70 L/min (HFNO)Apnoeic oxygenation100% oxygen is administered via high-flow nasal cannulae at 70L/min from the onset of apnoea until four minutes of apnoea has completed.
Apnoea without apnoeic oxygenationApnoeic oxygenationHigh-flow nasal oxygen administration ceases at the onset of apnoea.
Apnoeic oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen at 120 L/min (uHFNO)Apnoeic oxygenation100% oxygen is administered via high-flow nasal cannulae at 120L/min from the onset of apnoea until four minutes of apnoea has completed.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rise in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxideBetween 1 and 4 minutes of apnoea

The rate of rise of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide between 60 seconds and 240 seconds of apnoea as measured by arterial blood gas analysis.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Time to oxygen desaturationImmediately after the intervention

The time period from the onset of apnoea (determined by visual inspection) until an oxygen saturation of 92% is measured by pulse oximetry.

Partial pressure of oxygen during apnoeaFollowing high-flow nasal oxygen administration

As measured by blood gas analysis

Change in carbon dioxide elevation before and after HFNO administrationBetween 3 and 5 minutes of apnoea

As measured by blood gas analysis

Carbon dioxide elevation during the first minute of apnoeaBetween 0 and 1 minute of apnoea

As measured by blood gas analysis

Change in acid-base status during apnoeaAt 1 minute intervals during apnoea

As measured by blood gas analysis

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Hospital Galway

🇮🇪

Galway, Ireland

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