The Effect of Music Therapy on Comfort, Pain and Anxiety

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Hematological Malignancy; Bone Marrow Disease
• Interventions: Other: Musictherapy

• Registration Number: NCT05895357
• Lead Sponsor: Izmir Bakircay University

Brief Summary

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of music therapy on the pain, anxiety, and comfort levels of patients who underwent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy.

Methods: This research was conducted as a randomized controlled study in the hematology polyclinic of a university hospital. Music therapy will used with the intervention group throughout the procedure. During data evaluation, paired t-test, independent t-test and effect size will used. The sample group was calculated based on the sample groups of other studies in the literature (Çelebi et al., 2020; Özdemir et al., 2019). According to the preliminary power analysis results using the G.Power 3.1.9 program, the sample size was calculated at 80% power, at medium effect size at 5% alpha value. According to the analysis results, the sample size per group was calculated as 30. However, since there was 10% probability that some patients may drop, the sample size for the study was recalculated as 66 (Experimental Group: 33, Control Group: 33).The patients will informed about using music. In addition, it will explained that they could adjust the sound levels and that they should report when they are disturbed by the tone. Music continued throughout the process. Communication with the patient will maintained, and symptoms such as discomfort, anxiety were observed throughout the procedure. The music player will switched off after the procedure was completed. The patients will asked whether they had any discomfort while the music played. TThe music therapy will last an average of 30 minutes. After completing the procedures, the patient's pain, comfort, and anxiety levels were re-evaluated using VAS and STAI.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2023-04-01
• Primary Completion: 2023-05-30
• Study First Submitted: 2023-05-31
• Study First Submitted QC: 2023-05-31
• Study Completion: 2023-06-05
• Study First Posted: 2023-06-08
• Status Verified: 2023-07
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-07-25
• Last Update Posted: 2023-07-27

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 66

Inclusion Criteria

• Clinical diagnosis of hematological malignancy (defined as multiple myeloma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia, Myelodysplastic syndrome or indolent lymphoma)
• 18 years of age or older,
• Must be able to speak Turkish

Exclusion Criteria

• Hearing impairment
• hormonal dysfunction (adrenal, pituitary, thyroid, etc.)
• Sever anxiety disorder
• Parkinson's disease
• Alzheimer's disease
• Dementia
• Major depression

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Music Therapy	Musictherapy	The patients were asked about the type of music they wanted to listen to. Especially in the last meta-analyses, it was determined that listening to the music that patients chose was more effective (Witten 2020). For this reason, after the intervention group is asked about the music they want to listen to, the music they want will be played from the music application.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain and Comfort	10 minutes	The scale, used to measure patients' subjective pain and comfort, was developed by Price et al. (1983) (Price et al., 1983). This scale consists of a 10 cm horizontal or vertical line with both ends representing the minimum and maximum scores for pain and comfort (0: no pain/no discomfort (very comfortable), 10: most severe pain/very uncomfortable (not at all). Comfort was defined by patients as a pleasant feeling and as the absence of physical discomfort. The patients will asked to indicate their pain severity and comfort on the scale. The distance between the indicated point and the lowest endpoint of the line will measured in centimeters using a ruler, and the numeric value will assigned as the individual's pain score.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
State Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI)	10 minutes	The inventory consisting 40 items was developed by Spielberger et al. (1983) (Spielberger, 1983). The STAI consists of two separate scales to assess state (STAI-S) and trait (STAI-T) anxiety. Öner (1998) performed the Turkish validity and reliability studies of the scale. In the validity and reliability study of the STAI Turkish form, test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from 0,94 to 0,96 for state anxiety and ranged from 0,83 and 0,87 for trait anxiety. The State Anxiety Inventory with 20 items (Items 1-20) that assess the respondent's current feelings was used in this study. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (Almost never) to 4 (Almost always). Subscale scores range from 20 to 80, and higher scores indicate higher anxiety levels

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Kayseri City Hospital; 🇹🇷 Kayseri, Turkey