The Effect of Nurse Navigation Program Applied to Syrian Women on Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors, Self-Efficacy and Fears of Breast Cancer (NaHeB-CaS)

In this study, it is aimed to present an innovative approach in ensuring the participation of Syrian women under temporary protection in breast cancer screening. For this purpose, Nurse Navigation Program Based On Health Belief Model In Breast Cancer Screening (NaHeB-CaS) will be applied to affect the health beliefs of Syrian women. The research is carried out with a randomized controlled double-blind pre-test post-test control group. The randomized clinical trial was based on the guidelines proposed by the Consolidated standard of Reporting TrialsCONSORT 2010. The data of the research will be collected at Istanbul/Sultanbeyli Empowered Migrant Health Center between June and October 2021. Introductory Information Questionnaire, Health Belief Model Scale, Mammography Self-Efficacy Scale, Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale and Breast Self-Examination Checklist Form, prepared by the researcher in line with the literature, will be applied to women who apply to this immigrant health center and agree to participate in the research. Pre-tests will be given to the experimental and control groups in a training room at the Empowered Migrant Health Center. Data collection will take approximately 15-20 minutes. Pre-tested Syrian women will be randomly assigned to the sample pool to be divided into experimental and control groups. Romany women will be divided into experimental and control groups using the Simple Random Method.

Data Collection Tools Personal questionnaire;Introductory features questionnaire consisting of 32 questions developed by the researchers in line with the literature; It questions women's socio-demographic characteristics (age, number of children, educational status, etc.), their beliefs about early diagnosis practices, their genetic characteristics, and their status regarding early diagnosis practices for cancer. The introductory features questionnaire was translated into Arabic in a way that individuals can understand.

Health Belief Model Scale: The scale, which is used to determine the beliefs and attitudes of individuals regarding breast cancer, BSE, CBE and Mammography, was developed by Champion in 1984 and was last revised in 1999. The validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the revised Champion Health Belief Model Scale was conducted by Mikhail and Petro-Nustas. The Cronbach's Alpha value of the original scale was reported to be 0.65-0.90, and test-retest correlations of 0.40-0.68. According to the validity and reliability study of the scale for Syrian women, the number of items; sensitivity perception (5-25 points), caring perception (8-40 points), health motivation perception (6-30 points), BSE benefit perception (6-30 points), BSE perception of obstacles (7-35 points), self- efficacy perception (9-45 points), mammography barrier and benefit perception (12-60 points), and clinical breast examination barrier and benefit perception (9-45 points) sub-dimensions. The scale is in a 5-point Likert type and for each item, between 1 and 5, 1 is "very bad"; 2 "bad"; 3 "medium"; 4 "good"; 5 was rated as "very good". Higher scores mean that sensitivity and caring increase, health motivation for health motivation, benefits for benefit perception, barriers for obstacle perception, and self-efficacy for self-efficacy are perceived high. Scoring is reversed for items in the obstacles sub-dimension in the scale. A high total score in the scale for the sub-dimensions other than the barriers, explains that the individual's perceptions of health related to breast cancer screening behaviors are high and the rate of exhibiting the behavior will be high. Written permission was obtained from the author to use the Health Belief Model Scale.

Mammography Self-efficacy scale: The scale was developed by Champion et al in 2005. The Chronbach Alpha value is specified as 0.87 . The Arabic validity-reliability study of the scale was conducted by Al-Zalabani. The scale consists of 10 items and aims to assess women's perceived self-efficacy for mammography screening. In the Arabic evaluation of the scale, 5-point Likert-type scaling ranging from 1 to 5 "strongly disagree", "disagree", "undecided", "agree", "strongly agree" method was used. The total possible score ranges from 10 to 50 points, indicating a higher level of self-efficacy as the total score increases. Al-Zalabani found the Cronbach's Alpha value of the scale to be 0.88.

Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale: Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale (CMKKÖ) is an 8-item measurement tool developed by Champion. This scale determines the relationship between breast cancer and mammography behavior and women's emotional responses and is used to screen for breast cancer fear behavior. Alyami et al. In 2019, the scale was translated into Arabic and its validity and reliability study was carried out and published in 2021. The scale is five-point Likert type. Responses to the scale are scored as "strongly disagree" 1 point, "disagree" 2 points, "undecided" 3 points, "agree" 4 points, "strongly agree" 5 points. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 8, and the highest score is 40. A high score indicates a high fear of breast cancer. For the Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale Arabic, Cronbach's correlation coefficient is 0.94.