Nutritional Status and ASD Severity of Autistic Spectrum Disorder Children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Case Control Study
- Conditions
- Autistic Spectrum Disorder
- Interventions
- Other: Nutritional statusOther: Urine iodine concentrationBehavioral: Eating behaviorOther: Nutrient intakeOther: Dietary assessmentOther: Childhood autism rating scale
- Registration Number
- NCT05515913
- Lead Sponsor
- Addis Ababa University
- Brief Summary
The study conducts a case control analysis of the nutritional status and intake of autistic spectrum disorder diagnosed children as compared to typically developing children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It included analysis of anthropometric measurements, three days food diary food intake, urinary iodine analysis, childhood autism rating scale diagnosis, food frequency and eating behavior questioner and proximate analysis of one day major meals of selected subjects.
- Detailed Description
Sample population was Addis Ababa city in which subjects were selected from one of the two autism centers in the country. Random sampling method was applied to select subject from the total enrolled children in the center using Ryan 2013 sample size calculation formula.
Subjects already diagnose with autistic spectrum disorder that didn't have any other chronic disease that affect diet and nutrition were included in the study. Subjects were selected randomly from each grade level in the center. They were registered and taken for data collection. Sample and Data was collected with the help of each child's center caregiver and parent. Childhood autism rating scale diagnosis, eating behavior analysis were analyzed for the ASD and anthropometric indices Z scores, urine iodine concentration, three days food diary analysis, major meals proximate analysis, food frequency and dietary diversity was assessed and compared to typically developing children in Addis Ababa.
Data entry and analysis was conducted using Emergency Nutrition Assessment software, Microsoft excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 52
- Children already diagnosed with ASD
- school aged children (4-18 years old)
- children with chronic illnesses ( such as cancer..)
- children taking heavy medications that may affect diet and nutrition
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description ASD ( autistic spectrum disorder) Childhood autism rating scale Children already diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder ASD ( autistic spectrum disorder) Dietary assessment Children already diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder TDC (typically developing children) Nutritional status Children within the typically development TDC (typically developing children) Nutrient intake Children within the typically development ASD ( autistic spectrum disorder) Nutritional status Children already diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder TDC (typically developing children) Urine iodine concentration Children within the typically development TDC (typically developing children) Dietary assessment Children within the typically development ASD ( autistic spectrum disorder) Eating behavior Children already diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder ASD ( autistic spectrum disorder) Urine iodine concentration Children already diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder ASD ( autistic spectrum disorder) Nutrient intake Children already diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Carbohydrate intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of carbohydrate in gm/day
Vitamin A intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of vitamin A in mg/day
Autism symptom severity of children using Childhood Autism rating Scale diagnosis 2 days Childhood autism rating scale assessed by total raw scores by age. for age 0-12, scores of 15-29.5 indicate limited behavior related to autism, score of 30-36.5 indicate mild to moderate level of behavior related to autism, score 37-60 indicate sever level behavior related to autism. for age 13 years and older, 15-27.5 indicate limited behavior related to autism, score of 28-34.5 indicate mild to moderate level of behavior related to autism, score 35-60 indicate sever level behavior related to autism.
Weight for age z-scores 1 day weight and age will be combined to report weight for age z-scores in kg for age in months
Calcium intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of calcium in mg/day
Vitamin B2 intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of vitamin B2 in mg/day
Urine iodine concentration of children 2 month Urine iodine concentration of children in µg /L
Height for age z-scores 1 day Height and age will be combined to report height for age z-scores in centimeter for age in months
Zinc intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of zinc in mg/day
Niacin intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of niacin in mg/day
Body Mass Index for age z-scores 1 day Body Mass Index and age will be combined to report Body mass index for age z-score in Kg/m2 for age in months
Energy intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of energy in kcal/day
Protein intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of protein in gm/day
Lipid intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of lipid in gm/day
Vitamin C intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of vitamin C in mg/day
Iron intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of Iron in mg/day
Thiamine intake using three days food diary questioner 5 days Three days food diary questioner will be used to report intake of Thiamine in mg/day
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method protein intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals 2 months proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of protein in gm/100gm
frequency of food group consumption using food frequency questioner 5 days percentage of children consuming from each food groups using a food frequency questioner
energy intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals 2 months proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of energy in k cal /100gm
Ash intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals 2 months proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of Ash in gm/100gm
dietary diversity score of children using three days food diary 5 days consumption of 1-3 food groups is scored as low dietary diversity score, consumption of 4-5 food groups is scored as medium dietary diversity score, consumption of \>5 food groups is scored as high dietary diversity score.
frequency of food refusal in children using a questioner 5 days frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
Lipid intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals 2 months proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of lipid in gm/100gm
Carbohydrate intake using proximate analysis of one day major meals 1 week proximate analysis of one day major meals will be used to report intake of carbohydrate in gm/100gm
frequency of sensitivity to food 5 days frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms 5 days frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
frequency of food allergic reactions 5 days frequency is scored as never to seldom, mild and sever
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
🇪🇹Addis Ababa, Ethiopia