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Internet-delivered CBT for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGID) in Youth: a Single Case Experimental Design

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Interventions
Other: Internet delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for functional gastrointestinal disorders
Registration Number
NCT05237882
Lead Sponsor
Aarhus University Hospital
Brief Summary

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are common among children and adolescents. They affect quality of life, cause functional disability, school absence and high health care use. Despite this there is a lack in treatment options.

The aim of the current study, embedded in The Danish FGID Treatment Study, is to investigate the detailed course of efficacy of Danish versions of Swedish Internet based cognitive behavioural therapy (i-CBT) programs for children and adolescents with FGID in a Danish clinical context. This will be done using a single case design study. Along with this, the impact of parental illness worries will be investigated.

Detailed Description

A non-concurrent multi-variate baseline single-case experimental design study (SCED) will be conducted. It will consist of a baseline phase, a treatment phase and a follow up phase, including 6 children and 6 adolescents with their parents.

Participants will be randomly assigned to a baseline length with a duration between 5-15 days.

The design, using a multi-variate baseline, enables each participant to form their own control as outcomes during the baseline are compared with outcomes during treatment. This means that if treatment is effectual a change in outcome measures will show during the treatment period no matter when the treatment period was started.

Outcome will be assessed daily from baseline to end of treatment using electronic self-report questionnaire, with a last, one week long, daily assessment at 3-month follow-up.

The questionnaire is designed for this specific study and consist of 8 items (modified to a daily question) from validated questionnaires, the scale is changed to an 11 point scale from 0(not at all) to 10(all the time) Outcome are: abdominal symptoms (2 items from PedsQL Gastro 9 items questionnaire), symptom catastrophizing (2 items from Visceral Short sensitivity Index questionnaire), avoidance and control behavior (2 items from IBS Behavioural Response Questionnaire), and symptom acceptance(2 items from Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire for Adolescents 8-items)

In addition, a more comprehensive battery of questionnaires will be completed by the children and adolescents and the parent, respectively, at baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment and at 3-month follow-up.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
12
Inclusion Criteria
  • child age: 8-12 years, adolescents: 13 - 17 years
  • A primary diagnosis according to the ROME-IV criteria of one of the FGID sub-types: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or functional abdominal pain not-otherwise-specified (FAP-NOS)
  • The diagnosis should be documented by their regular physician in the somatic setting, and recommended routine medical investigations should be evaluated as normal or without clinical significance (include growth; blood samples including TSH, total IgA, IgA tissue transglutaminase, complete blood count, C-reactive protein analysis, liver enzymes; and fecal calprotectin)
  • Stable dosage of FGID-related medication such as laxatives, anti-diarreal medication or pain-modulating psychopharmacological medication during the past month.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Another disease that explains the symptoms;
  • Severe psychiatric or social problems (e.g., high level of suicidal ideation or ongoing abuse);
  • Ongoing psychological treatment;
  • Insufficient language or computer skills (patients and parents);
  • Severe family problems (e.g. child abuse, parental substance abuse or severe psychiatric illness, ongoing custody fight)
  • School absence of more than 40% over the past month.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Children and AdolescentsInternet delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for functional gastrointestinal disorders6 children aged 8-12 years old, 6 adolescents aged 13-17 years old, fulfilling inclusion criteria will be included
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in gastrointestinal symptoms rated by parents assessed by PedsQL Gastro Symptom ScalesAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The parent-report questionnaire revised version of PedsQL Gastro Symptom Scales, with 9 items. Answered on a 5 point scale from 0 ("never") to 4 ("almost always)

Change in gastrointestinal symptoms assessed by PedsQL Gastro Symptom ScalesAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The self-report questionnaire revised version of PedsQL Gastro Symptom Scales, with 9 items. Answered on a 5 point scale from 0 ("never") to 4 ("almost always)

Single Case Design Outcome: Change in gastrointestinal symptoms measured via Daily Items as part of self-report SCED-QuestionnaireEveryday during baseline (5-15 days before treatment start) and treatment (10 weeks) and during one week at 3 months follow-up

The SCED-Questionnaire consists of 8 daily items about Gastrointestinal symptoms, catastrophizing, Avoidance and control, acceptance. Answered on a 11 point scale from 0 ("not at all") to 10 ("all the time")

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Changes in Overall symptom load measured by the self-report questionnaire Children somatization inventory , short (CSI)At baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The questionnaire consist of 24 items Answered on a 5 point scale from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("a whole lot")

Changes in Pain intensity rated by parents Measured by the parent-report rating scale, Faces pain scale, revised.At baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The scale consists of 6 faces representing least to most pain, and each face is connected to a number from 0 (no pain) - 10 (most pain),

Single Case Design Outcome: Change in catastrophizing, avoidance and control and acceptance via Daily Items, measured as part of self-report SCED-QuestionnaireEveryday during baseline (5-15 days before treatment start) and treatment (10 weeks) and during one week at 3 months follow-up

Measured as part of self-report SCED-Questionnaire of 8 daily items about Gastrointestinal symptoms, catastrophizing, Avoidance and control, acceptance. Answered on a 11 point scale from 0 ("not at all") to 10 ("all the time")

Changes in Quality of life assessed by the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The self-report questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 8-12-year version for children, 13-18-year version for adolescents. 23 items, Answered on a 5 point scale from 0 ("never") to 4 ("almost always)

Changes in Depression symptoms measured by the self-report questionnaire Mood and Feelings Questionnaire shortAt baseline, after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The questionnaire consists of 13 items, answered on a 3 point scale: not true / sometimes true / true

Changes in Avoidance and control behaviour measured by the self-report questionnaire irritable bowel syndrome-behavioural response questionnaireAt baseline, mid-treatment, end-treatment and 3-months follow-up

A 11 item-questionnaire answered on a 7 point likert scale from 1(never) to 7(always)

Changes in Quality of life rated by parents assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The parent-report questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for parents, (Parent report for children aged 8-12 years, and parent report for adolescents aged 13-17 years) . 23 items, Answered on a 5 point scale from 0 ("never") to 4 ("almost always)

Changes in General Anxiety symptoms measured by the self- report questionnaire Spence Children Anxiety Scale shortAt baseline, after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

A 19 item-questionnaire answered on a 4 point scale from 0(never) to 3 (always)

Changes in General Anxiety rated by parents, Measured by the parent- report questionnaire Spence Children Anxiety Scale short, parent reportAt baseline, after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

a19 item-questionnaire answered on a 4 point scale from 0(never) to 3 (always)

Changes in Illness perception rated by parents, measured by the parent-report questionnaire Illness perception regarding child's symptoms QuestionnaireAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

A questionnaire with 11 items answered on a scale from 0 - 10

Changes in PARENTAL Illness Worry measured by the self-report The Health Anxiety by Proxy Scale (HAPYS) questionnaireAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

Parental illness worry for their child, measured by the self-report The questionnaire covers 26 items about health anxiety by proxy, rated on a five-point scale (from "not at all"/"never" to "a whole lot"/"most of the time"). And five items about the impact of the worries rated on a four-point scale (from "no" to "yes, severely").

Changes in Pain intensity measured by the self-report rating scale, Faces pain scale, revisedAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The scale consists of 6 faces representing least to most pain, and each face is connected to a number from 0 (no pain) - 10 (most pain),

Changes in Overall symptom load rated by parents measured by the parent-report questionnaire Children somatization inventory (parent report), shortAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The questionnaire consists of 24 items Answered on a 5 point scale from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("a whole lot")

Changes in Illness worry Measured by the self-report questionnaire Childhood Illness Attitude ScaleAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The cognitive domain of the questionnaire is used, it consists of 11 items, answers: never, sometimes or always

Changes in School absence / Work absence parentAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

Question about Hours / Days missed from school/work last month. Parental rated for children aged 8-12 years, self-rated for adolescents aged 13-17 years, self-rated for parents

Changes in Specific Gastrointestinal Anxiety, Measured by the self-report questionnaire Visceral Sensitivity Index - ShortAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

A 7 item-questionnaire answered on a 5 point scale from 0 (don't agree at all) to 5 (totally agree)

Changes in Illness perception Measured by the self-report questionnaire Brief Illness perception QuestionnaireAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

A questionnaire with 11 items answered on a scale from 0 - 10

Changes in Acceptance, measured by the self-report questionnaire Chronic pain Acceptance Questionnaire -adolescentsAt baseline, mid-treatment, end-treatment and 3-months follow-up

Two items from the self-report questionnaire Chronic pain Acceptance Questionnaire -adolescents are used. 2 selected items, answered on a 5-point scale from 0 (never true) to 4 (always true)

Changes in PARENTAL Emotional distress measured by the self-report questionnaire Symptom Check List (SCL-8)At baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

The questionnaire consist of 8 items answered on a 5 point scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (a whole lot)

Changes in Adult Response to Child's Symptoms - PARENTS by the self-report questionnaire Adult Response to Children's SymptomsAt baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment (mid-treatment), after 10 weeks of treatment (end-treatment) and 3-months after treatment (follow-up)

Protect and Monitor scale from the the questionnaire Adult Response to Children's Symptoms used, 15 items answered on a 5 point scale from 0(never) to 4 (always)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Child and Adolescents Psychiatry

🇩🇰

Aarhus, Denmark

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