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Peanut Protein Supplementation to Augment Muscle Growth and Improve Markers of Muscle Quality and Health in Older Adults

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Aging
Sarcopenia
Interventions
Dietary Supplement: Peanut Protein Powder
Behavioral: Full body resistance training
Registration Number
NCT04015479
Lead Sponsor
Auburn University
Brief Summary

This study will evaluate the adaptations in skeletal muscle that occur in response to 10 weeks of weight training with or without peanut protein supplementation in older adult men and women.

Detailed Description

Aging is associated with declines in muscle mass, physical strength and physical function. Adequate quality protein intake in aging adults is critical to preventing functional decline. Peanuts provide a unique blend of amino acids that can provide several health benefits to aging adults. While supplementing with peanut protein (PP) powder as part of a resistance training program may increase myofibrillar protein synthesis (i.e., the gold standard molecular assessment in deciphering a muscle-building response), and improve skeletal muscle quality and body composition, no study to date has made this determination.

This is a two-phase study using both novel and conventional methods to assess how PP supplementation affects muscle tissue in older individuals who engage in resistance training. These two phases will be conducted as part of a 10-week randomized controlled trial in which men and women aged 50 years and older (n=60), will be stratified by gender and randomized to a resistance training intervention (whole body, two days per week) with PP powder (72g daily; n=15 males, n=15 females) provided during the intervention (immediate group, IG) or after the intervention (wait-list control, WLC, n=15 males, n=15 females). The aims of this study are to determine the acute (deuterium oxide tracer) and chronic (peripheral quantitative computed tomography) effects of PP during resistance training on skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis rates, changes in skeletal muscle size and quality, changes in whole and appendicular body composition (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), changes in inflammatory markers and the fecal microbiome.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
41
Inclusion Criteria
  • body mass index (body mass/height squared) less than 35 kg/m2
  • resting blood pressure averaging less than 140/90 mmHg (with or without medication)
Exclusion Criteria
  • known peanut allergy
  • actively participating in resistance training for more than 2 days/week
  • any known overt cardiovascular or metabolic disease
  • metal implants that will interfere with x-ray procedures
  • medically necessary radiation exposure in the last six months (except dental x-ray)
  • any medical condition that would contradict participating in an exercise program, giving blood or donating a skeletal muscle biopsy (i.e. blood clotting disorder or taking blood thinners)

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Immediate Intervention GroupPeanut Protein PowderParticipants will complete 10 weeks of twice-weekly whole body resistance training. Peanut protein powder (72g/day) will be provided for daily consumption during the study period
Immediate Intervention GroupFull body resistance trainingParticipants will complete 10 weeks of twice-weekly whole body resistance training. Peanut protein powder (72g/day) will be provided for daily consumption during the study period
Wait-list Control GroupFull body resistance trainingParticipants will complete 10 weeks of twice-weekly whole body resistance training. Peanut protein powder will be provided after the study period
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in acute myofibrillar protein synthesis rates24 hours

Change in right leg vastus lateralis myofibrillar protein synthesis rates using the integrated deuterium oxide technique from biopsies immediately before and 24 hours after resistance exercise

Change in mid-thigh skeletal muscle area and quality0-10 weeks

peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) cross-sectional image of mid-right thigh assessed for total muscle cross-sectional area, subcutaneous adipose tissue area, total intra- and inter-muscular adipose tissue area and overall muscle density

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in fecal microbiome composition0-10 weeks

alpha- and beta-diversity of 16S bacterial rDNA

Change in whole-body and appendicular body composition0-10 weeks

dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Change in Type I and II Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area0-10 weeks

Muscle biopsy immunofluorescent staining for determination of type I and type II muscle fiber cross sectional area (fCSA) as a cellular determinant of skeletal muscle hypertrophy

Change in leg extensor isokinetic dynamometry0-10 weeks

maximal isokinetic right leg extensions on an isokinetic dynamometer (BioDex)

Change in inflammatory biomarkers0-10 weeks

serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, plasma 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Auburn University

🇺🇸

Auburn, Alabama, United States

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