A Study in Opioid-Experienced, Non-Dependent Recreational Drug Users to Determine the Abuse Potential and Safety of CL-108 Tablets Administered Via the Oral Route

Phase 1

Completed

• Conditions: Vomiting; Pain; Nausea
• Interventions: Drug: M366; Drug: Placebo; Drug: CL-108

• Registration Number: NCT02712554
• Lead Sponsor: Charleston Laboratories, Inc

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to assess the abuse potential of CL-108 tablets, including the abuse deterrent effects of promethazine, following oral administration, relative to hydrocodone/acetaminophen (APAP) tablets and placebo in non-dependent, recreational opioid users.

Detailed Description

The purpose of this study is to assess the abuse potential of CL-108 tablets, including the abuse deterrent effects of promethazine, following oral administration, relative to hydrocodone/acetaminophen (APAP) tablets and placebo in non-dependent, recreational opioid users; to assess the cognitive and behavioral effects of CL-108 tablets following oral administration relative to hydrocodone/APAP tablets and placebo in non-dependent, recreational opioid users; and to assess the safety of orally administered CL-108 tablets relative to hydrocodone/APAP tablets and placebo in non-dependent, recreational opioid users.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2015-06
• Primary Completion: 2015-09
• Study Completion: 2015-09
• Study First Submitted: 2016-03-15
• Study First Submitted QC: 2016-03-17
• Study First Posted: 2016-03-18
• Results First Submitted: 2016-11-14
• Status Verified: 2019-10
• Results First Submitted QC: 2019-10-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-10-11
• Results First Posted: 2019-10-14
• Last Update Posted: 2019-10-14

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 40

Inclusion Criteria

• BMI within 18.0 to 33.0 kg/m2, inclusive (minimum weight of 50.0 kg at Screening)
• Healthy, as determined by no clinically significant medical history, physical examination findings, 12-lead ECG findings, vital signs measurements, and laboratory results at screening, as judged by the investigator
• Current opioid users who had used oral opioids for recreational (non-therapeutic) purposes, at least 10 times in the past year

Exclusion Criteria

• Drug or alcohol dependence within the last 12 months (except nicotine)
• Subjects who had ever been in treatment for substance use disorders (except smoking cessation
• History of presence of any clinically significant cardiac, neurologic, pulmonary, psychiatric, endocrine, hematologic, hepatic, immunologic, metabolic, urologic, dermatologic, renal, or other major disease at screening, which in the opinion of the investigator, would have jeopardized the safety of the subject or the validity of the study results
• History or presence of hypotension, judged to be clinically significant based on investigator judgement

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Treatment C:M366 22.5mg/975mg	M366	M366 22.5 mg/975 mg tablet by mouth
Treatment D: M366 37.5mg/1625mg	M366	M366 37.5 mg/1625 mg tablet by mouth
Treatment E: Placebo	Placebo	Placebo 0 mg tablet by mouth
Treatment A:CL-108 22.5mg/975mg/37.5mg	CL-108	CL-108 22.5 mg/975 mg/37.5 mg tablet by mouth
Treatment B:CL-108 37.5mg/1625mg/62.5mg	CL-108	CL-108 37.5 mg/1625 mg/62.5 mg tablet by mouth

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Subjective Effects: Maximum Effect (Emax) and Minimum Effect (Emin) of High Visual Analog Scale (VAS) in Dose Selection Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours (post-dose)	High VAS measures the positive effects experienced by the participant on a 100 mm unipolar VAS, where responses are unidirectional and range from a response of 'none' (0 mm = 'definitely not') to 'extremely' (100 mm = 'definitely so'). For VAS assessment, pre-dose (baseline) value was subtracted from each post-dose value prior to calculation of the pharmacodynamic (PD) parameter. Emax is the largest effect score and Emin is the smallest effect score between 0 to 24 hours post-dose.
Subjective Effects: Emax of Any Effects VAS in Dose Selection Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours (post-dose)	Any drug effects VAS measures other subjective effects experienced by the participant on a 100 mm unipolar VAS, where responses are unidirectional and range from a response of 'none' (0 mm = 'definitely not') to 'extremely' (100 mm = 'definitely so'). Emax is the largest effect score between 0 (pre-dose) to 24 hours post-dose.
Emax of Drug Liking VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours	Drug liking VAS is the measure of balance of effects that assesses the degree that a participant likes a drug effect at the time the question is being asked (that is, at the moment). It is scored using a 100 millimeter (mm) bipolar (VAS) anchored in the center with a neutral anchor of 'neither like nor dislike' (score of 50 mm), on the left with 'strong disliking' (score of 0 mm) and on the right with 'strong liking' (score of 100 mm). Emax is the largest effect score between 0.5 to 24 hours post-dose.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Balance of Effects: Time-averaged Area Under the Effect Curve (TA_AUE) of Drug Liking VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using the trapezoidal rule.
Positive Effects: TA_AUE of High VAS in Treatment Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours (post-dose)	TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using the trapezoidal rule.
Negative Effects: TA_AUE of Bad Effects VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using the trapezoidal rule.
Sedative and Other Effects: TA_AUE of Alertness/Drowsiness VAS in Treatment Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours (post-dose)	Alertness/Drowsiness VAS measures the sedative effects. It is scored using a 100 mm bipolar VAS anchored in the center with a neutral anchor of 'neither drowsy nor alert' (score of 50 mm), on the left with 'very drowsy' (score of 0 mm) and on the right with 'very alert' (score of 100 mm). Alertness/Drowsiness VAS was calculated by subtracting pre-dose (baseline) value from each post-dose value. TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using trapezoidal rule.
Number of Adverse Events in Dose Selection Phase	Up to visit 3 (Follow up)	AE=Adverse Event. SAE=Serious adverse event. TEAE=Treatment-emergent adverse event.
Balance of Effects: Emin of Drug Liking VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	Drug liking VAS is the measure of balance of effects that assesses the degree that a participant likes a drug effect at the time the question is being asked (that is, at the moment). It is scored using a 100 millimeter (mm) bipolar (VAS) anchored in the center with a neutral anchor of 'neither like nor dislike' (score of 50 mm), on the left with 'strong disliking' (score of 0 mm) and on the right with 'strong liking' (score of 100 mm). Emin is the smallest effect score between 0.5 to 8 hours post-dose.
Balance of Effects: Emax and Emin of Overall Drug Liking VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	Overall drug liking VAS is the measure of balance of effects that assesses the participant's global perception of drug liking (that is, effects over the whole course of the drug experience including any carryover effects). A 100 mm bipolar VAS is used to assess response based on a score ranging from 0 mm to 100 mm (0 mm = 'strong disliking', 50 mm = 'neither like nor dislike', and 100 mm = 'strong liking'). Emax is the largest effect score and Emin is the smallest effect score between 0 to 8 hours post-dose.
Positive Effects: Emax of Good Effects VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	Good drug effects VAS measures the positive effects experienced by the participant on a 100 mm unipolar VAS, where responses are unidirectional and range from a response of 'none' (0 mm = 'definitely not') to 'extremely' (100 mm = 'definitely so'). Emax is the largest effect score between 0.5 to 8 hours post-dose.
Positive Effects: TA_AUE of Good Effects VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using the trapezoidal rule.
Balance of Effects: Emax and Emin of Take Drug Again VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	Take drug again VAS is the measure of balance of effects. It is a subjective assessment of the degree to which a participant would desire to take the drug again if given the opportunity. It is presented on a 100 mm bipolar VAS with score ranging from 0 mm to 100 mm (0 mm = 'definitely not', 50 mm = 'do not care', and 100 mm = 'definitely so'). Emax is the largest effect score and Emin is the smallest effect score between 0 to 8 hours post-dose.
Positive Effects: Emax of High VAS in Treatment Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours (post-dose)	High VAS measures the positive effects experienced by the participant on a 100 mm unipolar VAS, where responses are unidirectional and range from a response of 'none' (0 mm = 'definitely not') to 'extremely' (100 mm = 'definitely so'). For VAS assessment, pre-dose (baseline) value was subtracted from each post-dose value prior to calculation of the pharmacodynamic (PD) parameter. Emax is the largest effect score between 0 to 8 hours.
Negative Effects: Emax of Bad Effects VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	Bad effects VAS measures the negative effects experienced by the participant on a 100 mm unipolar VAS, where responses are unidirectional and range from a response of 'none' (0 mm = 'definitely not') to 'extremely' (100 mm = 'definitely so'). Emax is the largest effect score between 0.5 to 8 hrs.
Sedative and Other Effects: Emin of Alertness/Drowsiness VAS in Treatment Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours (post-dose)	Alertness/Drowsiness VAS measures the sedative effects. It is scored using a 100 mm bipolar VAS anchored in the center with a neutral anchor of 'neither drowsy nor alert' (score of 50 mm), on the left with 'very drowsy' (score of 0 mm) and on the right with 'very alert' (score of 100 mm). Alertness/Drowsiness VAS was calculated by subtracting pre-dose (baseline) value from each post-dose value. Emin is the smallest effect score between 0 to 8 hours post-dose.
Sedative and Other Effects: Emax of Any Effects VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	Any drug effects VAS measures other subjective effects experienced by the participant on a 100 mm unipolar VAS, where responses are unidirectional and range from a response of 'none' (0 mm = 'definitely not') to 'extremely' (100 mm = 'definitely so'). Emax is the largest effect score between 0.5 to 8 hours post-dose.
Pupillometry: Maximum Pupil Constriction (MPC)	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours (post-dose)	Pupillometry assessments measured change in pupil size (miosis) as an indicator of opioid pharmacological properties. Pupil diameter was measured using electronic pupillometer. Measurements were collected under mesopic lighting conditions. For each subject, every effort was made to use the same eye for all assessments throughout the study. MPC is calculated as smallest observed pupil diameter - baseline pupil diameter.
Sedative and Other Effects: TA_AUE of Any Effects VAS in Treatment Phase	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours	TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using the trapezoidal rule.
Objective Measures: Change From Baseline in Choice Reaction Time (CRT) in Treatment Phase	0 (Baseline, pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours (post-dose)	CRT is a computerized 5-choice reaction time test in which the subject must press and hold down a touchscreen button at the bottom of the screen. A yellow spot appeared inside one of 5 yellow circles at the top of the screen. Subjects were to respond to the spot as quickly as they could by letting go of the button and touching the circle where the yellow spot appeared. This was repeated for 30 trials. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Change From Baseline in Number of Errors (Any Errors) in CRT Test in Treatment Phase	0 (Baseline, pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours (post-dose)	CRT is a computerized 5-choice reaction time test in which the subject must press and hold down a touchscreen button at the bottom of the screen. A yellow spot appeared inside one of 5 yellow circles at the top of the screen. Subjects were to respond to the spot as quickly as they could by letting go of the button and touching the circle where the yellow spot appeared. This was repeated for 30 trials. Lower scores indicate better performance. CRT also measures error scores and response accuracy. Any Errors is a combination of incorrect location errors, inaccurate response errors, no response errors, and premature errors.
Pupillometry: TA_AUE of MPC in Treatment Phase	0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 hours (post-dose)	TA_AUE is AUE0-8hr divided by time from dosing to the actual time of the 8-hour post-dose assessment using the trapezoidal rule.