Comparison of the Effectiveness of Breathing Yoga and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques in Relieving Pain, Respiratory Complications and Kinesiophobia in Post-Liver Transplant Recipients
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 125
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- pain level
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The study aims to compare the effectiveness of breathing yoga and progressive muscle relaxation techniques in relieving pain, respiratory complications and kinesiophobia in liver transplant recipients.
H1-0: Breathing yoga has no effect in reducing pain in liver transplant recipients.
H1-1: Breathing yoga has an effect in reducing pain in liver transplant recipients.
H2-0: Breathing yoga has no effect in reducing respiratory complications in liver transplant recipients.
H2-1: Breathing yoga has an effect in reducing respiratory complications in liver transplant recipients.
H3-0: Breathing yoga has no effect in relieving kinesiophobia in liver transplant recipients.
H3-1: Breathing yoga has an effect in relieving kinesiophobia in liver transplant recipients.
H4-0: PMRTs has no effect in reducing pain in liver transplant recipients.
H4-1: PMRTs have an effect on reducing pain in liver transplant recipients.
H5-0: PMRTs have no effect on reducing respiratory complications in liver transplant recipients.
H5-1: PMRTs have an effect on reducing respiratory complications in liver transplant recipients.
H6-0: PMRTs have no effect on relieving kinesiophobia in liver transplant recipients.
H6-1: PMRTs have an effect on relieving kinesiophobia in liver transplant recipients.
Detailed Description
Experimental group (Breathing Yoga):
Data collection tools (patient introduction form, numerical rating scale, respiratory complications form, Tampa kinesiophobia scale) will be applied before the yoga breathing exercises intervention. Patients will be shown how to practice breathing yoga, and then they will be asked to do it. The stages of breathing yoga are as follows:
Yoga Breathing Exercises:
- Sama Vritti or "Equal Breathing":
- Abdominal Breathing Techniques:
- Nadi Shodhana or "Alternating Breathing":
- Kapalabhati or "Skull Shining Breath":
- Progressive Muscle Relaxation:
- Guided Visualization:
Patients will be given breathing yoga brochures. After discharge, patients will be asked to do breathing yoga once every 8 hours (3 times a day) for 3 months. Patients will be contacted by phone. For the application of the exercises, complications related to the disease, etc. After three months, patients will be invited to the outpatient clinic and during these outpatient clinic visits, scales and forms will be applied to these patients once again to collect posttest data.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Other
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Successful liver transplantation,
- •Considered to be discharged after liver transplantation,
- •Being 18 years old or older,
- •No communication or language barriers,
- •Agreeing to do PMRTs,
- •Agreeing to do breathing yoga
Exclusion Criteria
- •Having any auditory or mental problems,
- •Wanting to leave the study,
- •Having difficulty/unable to do PMRTs,
- •Having any joint-knee and orthopedic disorders,
- •Having difficulty/unable to do breathing yoga.
Arms & Interventions
ıntervention group 1 (breathing yoga)
Experimental group (Breathing Yoga):
Data collection tools (patient introduction form, numerical rating scale, respiratory complications form, Tampa kinesiophobia scale) will be applied before the yoga breathing exercises intervention. Patients will be shown how to practice breathing yoga, and then they will be asked to do it. Breathing yoga consists of 6 stages.
Patients will be given breathing yoga brochures. After discharge, patients will be asked to do breathing yoga once every 8 hours (3 times a day) for 3 months. Patients will be contacted by phone. For the application of the exercises, complications related to the disease, etc. After three months, patients will be invited to the outpatient clinic and during these outpatient clinic visits, scales and forms will be applied to these patients once again to collect posttest data.
Intervention: breathing yoga (Other)
ıntervention group 2 (PMRTs)
Experimental Group (Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques-PMRTs):
Data collection tools (patient identification form, numerical rating scale, respiratory complications form, Tampa Kinesiophobia scale) will be applied before the progressive muscle relaxation exercise intervention. Progressive muscle relaxation exercises will be demonstrated to patients in practice, and then they will be asked to do them. PMRTs are applied to 11 different muscle groups.
PMRTs brochures will be given to the patients. After the patients are discharged, they will be asked to perform PMRTs once every 8 hours (3 times a day) for 3 months. Patients will be contacted by phone. For the implementation of the exercises, complications related to the disease, etc. After three months, the patients will be invited to the outpatient clinic and during these outpatient clinic visits, the scales and forms will be applied to these patients once again to collect posttest data.
Intervention: PMRTs-Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques (Other)
control group
Data collection tools (patient identification form, numerical rating scale, respiratory complications form, Tampa kinesiophobia scale) will be applied to the patients in the control group as part of the pretest. Patients with questions will be allowed to direct their questions to the researchers. After these questions are answered, no intervention will be made to the control group and the patients in the control group will not be contacted at any time for the next three months. After three months, the patients in the control group will be invited to the outpatient clinic and during these outpatient clinic visits, the scales and forms will be applied to these patients once again to collect posttest data.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
pain level
Time Frame: Discharged patients will be asked to perform breathing yoga/PMRT every 8 hours (three times a day) for three months. Posttest data will be collected at the end of the three months.
Numerical Rating Scale (NRS): This scale, which is intended to determine the severity of pain, aims to have the patient describe their pain with numbers. In the form, 0 points are evaluated as "no pain", 1-3 points as "mild pain", 4-6 points as "moderate pain", and 7 and above points as "severe pain".
Secondary Outcomes
- Kinesiophobia level(Discharged patients will be asked to perform breathing yoga/PMRT every 8 hours (three times a day) for three months. Posttest data will be collected at the end of the three months.)
Investigators
Serafettin Okutan
Principal Investigator, Assistant Professor Şerafettin OKUTAN, Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bitlis Eren University
Bitlis Eren University