Discrimination and Mental Health of Older Korean Adults in the U.S.: Feasibility and Pilot Trial of a Culturally Tailored Mindfulness-Positive Psychological Intervention Using Virtual Reality
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 31
- 试验地点
- 6
- 主要终点
- Racism-related stress
研究概览
简要总结
This study is to explore the experience of older Korean adults with anti-Asian racism in the U.S. and investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a virtual reality-based culturally tailored mindfulness-positive psychological intervention. Primary outcome is racism-related stress and secondary outcomes are negative mental health (e.g., anxiety, depressive symptoms, and anxiety) and positive psychological well-being (e.g., positive affect, optimism, life engagement, mindful attention awareness).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Health Services Research
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 60 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •U.S. Korean Americans/immigrants
- •≥ 60 years of age
- •Korean fluency
- •no medical history of cognitive impairments (e.g., dementia or Alzheimer-related diseases)
- •self-reported direct experience of discrimination as per the Everyday Discrimination Scale
排除标准
- •severe cognitive impairment denoting dementia
- •other ethnicities rather than Korean Americans/immigrants
- •younger than 60 years of age
- •cannot speak and read Korean
- •have not experienced any discrimination
- •serious sensory problems negating the use of virtual reality
- •medical history of epilepsy, seizures, or vertigo
- •experience in mindfulness or meditation-based programs
结局指标
主要结局
Racism-related stress
时间窗: Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later)
The primary outcome is the racism-related stress measured by vicarious racism. Vicarious racism involves seven items that measure the frequency of hearing about or seeing other people of the same racial group experiencing racism: 1) in public or 2) in the news, 3) from romantic partners or, 4) friends and family members, 5) heard by politicians and 6) other public figures, and 7) seeing racist posts on social media during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic: 0 (never) - 5 (every day). Regarding racism-related stress, participants answer three questions: 1) the degree to which participants thought about these experiences (0 \[never\] - 4 \[always\]) and 2) how distressed, and 3) concerned they were about these experiences (0 \[not at all\] - 4 \[extremely\]; Cronbach's alpha = 0.89).
次要结局
- Perceived stress(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))
- Optimism(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))
- Positive affect(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))
- Life engagement(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))
- Mindful attention awareness(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))
- Technology acceptance(After every sessions (1 week later, 2 weeks later, 3 weeks later))
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Bank v1.0 - Anxiety(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))
- Everyday discrimination(Pretest (baseline))
- Virtual reality safety(After every sessions (1 week later, 2 weeks later, 3 weeks later))
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Bank v1.0 - Depression(Pretest (baseline) and posttest (3 weeks later))