Outcomes of Water Vapor Thermal Therapy (REZUM) in Management of Symptomatic Patients With Benign Prostatic Enlargement

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological condition characterized by progressive increase in the size of the prostate gland. It is a disease of ageing, affecting 40% of men in their 50s and 90% of men over 90 years causing bladder outflow obstruction (BOO), which results in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) which have a significant impact on quality of life (QoL).

The current management for LUTS caused by BOO secondary to BPH includes conservative approaches (watchful waiting and lifestyle modifications), pharmacotherapy and surgical intervention.

The Surgical interventions include open surgery (suprapubic and perineal approaches),transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) which was a revolutionary step in the management of BPH, and was considered the first minimally invasive treatment for prostate enlargement and With the improvement of endoscopes, development and incorporation of new technologies into the medical field, minimally invasive procedures have been more and more introduced as surgical options to treat BPH .

Minimally invasive procedures include water vapor thermal therapy (REZUM), trans urethral needle ablation, trans urethral microwave thermotherapy, prostate urethral lift and prostate artery embolization.

REZUM (water vapor thermal therapy) is considered one of the advanced minimal invasive procedure that uses the principles of convective heat transfer that exploits the thermodynamic properties of water to remove the excess prostate tissue that is pressing on the urethra.