Comparison of Metabolic and Antioxidant Responses to a Breakfast Meal With and Without Pecans
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- University of Georgia
- Enrollment
- 24
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in insulin
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Pecans are a nutrient-dense food, but it is unknown whether substituting pecans for a portion of the butter in a traditional breakfast meal improves post-meal responses.
Detailed Description
This study was a randomized, double-blind control trial consisting of 2 study visits for 2 different treatments. The treatments were high-fat breakfast muffins containing either butter (control) or pecans. The investigators recruited healthy, normal-weight adults between the ages of 15 and 45y. Study visits were completed in a random order with at least 72 hours between each visit. Anthropometrics, questionnaires, and fasting and postprandial blood samples were collected at each visit.
Hypothesis
The pecan-enriched meal will blunt the post-meal increase in glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), and lipid peroxidation while improving all measures of subjective appetite and TAC compared to the traditional meal without nuts.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Other
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 45 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Healthy adult men and women
- •Normal-weight (body mass index = 18-24.9kg/m2)
Exclusion Criteria
- •Allergies to test meal ingredients (gluten, eggs, or nuts)
- •Medication/supplement usage
- •Chronic disease
- •Pregnancy or plans to become pregnant
- •Special diets
- •Tobacco use
Arms & Interventions
Control
Participants in this group received a traditional muffin with butter as the predominant source of fat.
Intervention: Control (Other)
Pecan
Participants in this group received a muffin in which part of the butter was substituted out for pecans.
Intervention: Pecan (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in insulin
Time Frame: Change from baseline to 3 hours postprandially
Insulin (uU/mL)
Change in triglycerides (TG) and glucose
Time Frame: Change from baseline to 3 hours postprandially
TG (mg/dL) and glucose (mg/dL)
Change in lipid peroxidation
Time Frame: Change from baseline to 3 hours postprandially
Malondialdehyde (MDA) (uM) measured via Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay
Change in total antioxidant capacity
Time Frame: Change from baseline to 3 hours postprandially
Total antioxidant capacity (uM trolox equivalents) measured via Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay.
Secondary Outcomes
- Change in angiopoietin-like proteins-3 (ANGPTL3) and -4 (ANGPTL4) responses(Change from baseline to 3 hours postprandially)
- Change in hunger and satiety responses(Change from baseline to 3 hours postprandially)
Investigators
Jamie Cooper, PhD
Professor and Director of UGA Obesity Initiative
University of Georgia