Hydroxychloroquine in ANCA Vasculitis Evaluation
- Conditions
- ANCA Associated VasculitisWegener GranulomatosisChurg-Strauss SyndromeMicroscopic Polyangiitis
- Interventions
- Drug: Placebo
- Registration Number
- NCT04316494
- Lead Sponsor
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to find out whether hydroxychloroquine, in addition to background treatments, reduces disease activity in patients with Anti-Neutrophilic Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies (ANCA) Vasculitis, a group of autoimmune diseases.
Hydroxychloroquine and is an established, effective, safe and inexpensive therapy, widely used in other autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
The study is open to adults diagnosed with certain types of vasculitis, called Granulomatosis Polyangiitis (GPA), Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) or Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA). Participants will be eligible if they are treated with background medication to control their vasculitis disease and have a low level of disease activity as defined by a Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) of greater than 3.
Participants will be randomly placed in 1 of 2 groups. Both groups will be given background medication. One group will receive hydroxychloroquine and the other will receive placebo. Participants will be on treatment for 1 year.
76 ANCA Vasculitis participants will be recruited (38 in each treatment arm) from UK vasculitis specialist centres.
- Detailed Description
This is a multi-centre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study to evaluate if hydroxychloroquine in combination with background maintenance therapy improves the clinical response and quality of life in patients with AAV. 76 participants who have Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, Microscopic Polyangiitis or Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis will be recruited from 20 sites.
They will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio of hydroxychloroquine or placebo. Neither the patient nor the research team will know which treatment group the participant is in.
Once the participant agrees to take part and has signed informed consent, they will undergo the following assessments, tests and procedures to find out if they can take part in the study. Some may be routinely done by the study doctor as part of regular vasculitis care even if the participants are not in the study:
* Medical history
* Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS)
* Physical exam
* Blood tests
* Pregnancy test
* Urine drug test
* Electrocardiogram
If the patient is eligible to take part in the study, they will be randomised to receive either hydroxychloroquine or placebo in addition to background medication. Participants will receive 2 tablets to take once a day over the course of a year. Participants may have their dose reduced to 1 tablet dependent on their weight at baseline and renal function. All participants will have their prednisolone dose tapered down over the course of the study. Participants will be asked to fill in a patient diary on a weekly basis to record whether they've taken their medication, and if they've experienced any change of symptoms.
Participants will be asked to attend the hospital at weeks 4, 16, 28, 40, 44, 48, 52 and 56. At each of these visits, participants will undertake some or all of the following tests/assessments:
* Physical exam including visual acuity
* Weight and vital signs
* BVAS assessment and Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI)
* Patient questionnaires
* If there are any changes to their medicines and health status
* If they experiencing any side effects
* Blood samples and urine tests to see how the study drug is affecting the body.
* At two visits, participants will also be asked to undergo an electrocardiogram (ECG).
Patients will be followed up by phone in weeks 10, 22, and 34. This phone call will be based on the ANCA-associated Vasculitis Patient Reported Outcome (AAV PRO) questionnaire and patients will also be encouraged to report any adverse events. Patients reporting new or worsening symptoms will be invited to the hospital for an unscheduled visit.
In addition to clinical bloods, 76ml of blood will be taken for research purposes for all participants. These will be taken at the same time as clinical bloods to minimise discomfort for the participant. Participants at Guy's and St Thomas' will have an additional 200ml of blood taken for isolation of cells. These bloods will be stored and kept for future research, with the written consent of the participant.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 43
Not provided
-
Patients currently taking hydroxychloroquine or related antimalarial such as mepacrine or chloroquine.
-
Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 ml/min.
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Patients weighing <40kg.
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Sensitivity, anaphylaxis or allergy to hydroxychloroquine or any other 4-aminoquinoline compound.
-
Known glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
-
Known lactose intolerance.
-
Evidence of plaque psoriasis.
-
Concomitant use of the following medications within the last six months:
Tumour necrosis factor inhibitor treatment (e.g. etanercept) Cyclophosphamide Abatacept Alemtuzumab Any experimental biological therapies Intravenous, intramuscular or sub-cutaneous immunoglobin Plasma exchange Antithymocyte globulin Tamoxifen Live vaccines
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B cell depleting therapy (rituximab) for remission induction within the last six months. Rituximab maintenance therapy is permitted.
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Severe or rapidly progressive ANCA vasculitis with at least one major BVAS item.
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Have clinical evidence of significant unstable or uncontrolled acute or chronic diseases not due to vasculitis (i.e., cardiovascular, pulmonary, hematologic, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, neurological, malignancy or infectious disease) which, in the opinion of the principal investigator, could confound the results of the study or put the patient at undue risk.
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Patients taking long term macrolide antibiotics for a chronic condition. This does not include topical preparations.
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Have a history of malignant neoplasm within the last 5 years, except for adequately treated cancers of the skin (basal or squamous cell) or carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix.
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Have current drug or alcohol abuse or dependence, or a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence within 364 days prior to randomisation. A urine drug screen should be performed and confirmed negative prior to study entry.
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Have a historically positive test or test positive at screening for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B core antibody or hepatitis C antibody or are known to be HIV-1 positive.
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Have a Grade 3 or greater laboratory abnormality based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) toxicity scale (version 5), unless considered by the investigator to be related to the underlying disease or induction therapy.
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Screening 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) that demonstrates clinically relevant abnormalities that may affect patient safety or interpretation of study results, including: - QT interval corrected using the same consistent formula at each visit (QTc) > 470 msec for female > 450 msec for male patients demonstrated by at least two ECGs.
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Participation in any other interventional trial within the last 6 months.
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Have a current symptomatic COVID-19 infection.
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Have been admitted to the ICU in the past 6 months due to a COVID-19 infection.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Placebo Placebo Patients will be receive 400mg of Placebo (2 x 200mg) to take daily for 52 weeks. Placebo will be started at a dose of 200mg an up-titrated after the first week to a maximum daily dose of 400mg. Patients weighing \<50kg, or those patients with an eGFR of 30-50mL/min, will receive a reduced dose of 200mg daily. Hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Patients will be receive 400mg of Hydroxychloroquine (2 x 200mg) to take daily for 52 weeks. Hydroxychloroquine will be started at a dose of 200mg an up-titrated after the first week to a maximum daily dose of 400mg. Patients weighing \<50kg, or those patients with an eGFR of 30-50mL/min, will receive a reduced dose of 200mg daily.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method The percentage of patients with • uncontrolled AAV disease activity OR • controlled AAV disease activity but prednisolone dose >7.5mg daily OR • controlled AAV disease activity but any corticosteroid use >7.5mg daily for any reason BVAS will be assessed during the final 12 (±7 days) weeks that the patient is on the study drug in the trial. The primary endpoint will be the percentage of patients with:
EITHER
* uncontrolled AAV disease activity (defined as BVAS \> 3) OR
* controlled AAV disease activity (BVAS ≤ 3) but prednisolone dose \>7.5mg daily OR
* controlled AAV disease activity (BVAS ≤ 3) but any corticosteroid use \>7.5mg daily for any reason
at any point during the final 12 weeks (±7 days) of the study.
Inhaled corticosteroids will not contribute to the primary endpoint, nor will methylprednisolone given for rituximab maintenance therapy.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Cumulative number of visits BVAS = 0 Week 4 through to week 52 Excluding screening, baseline and week 56
Proportion of patients categorized as having a severe flare at each of the time points in the trial schedule excluding screening, baseline and week 56 Weeks 1-52 excluding screening, baseline and week 56 As above
Total number of infections per patient From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up As above
Time to remission From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up As above
Time to first severe flare From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up Patients will be categorized as having a severe flare if they have a new or worsening major item on the BVAS.
Proportion of patients with a limited disease flare defined as having a new or worsening minor BVAS item with no major items at each time point outlined in the trial flowchart.Proportion of patients with treatment failure at week 52 Week 52 As above
Cumulative prednisolone dosage From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up As above
Total number of vasculitis flares (severe and limited) per patient From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up As above
Time to first limited flare From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up Patients will be categorized as having a limited flare if they have a new or worsening minor item on the BVAS with no new major items.
Total number of adverse events From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up As above
Absolute values and relative change from baseline in the Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI) at each time point outlined in the trial schedule. From date of randomisation through to week 56 follow up As above
Proportion of patients categorized as having a limited flare at each of the time points in the trial schedule excluding screening, baseline and week 56 Weeks 1-52 excluding screening, baseline and week 56 As above
Trial Locations
- Locations (18)
Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom
Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Bath, Somerset, United Kingdom
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Brighton, Sussex, United Kingdom
Cardiff & Vale University Health Board
🇬🇧Cardiff, United Kingdom
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Oxford, United Kingdom
Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust
🇬🇧Epsom, United Kingdom
Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board
🇬🇧Llantrisant, United Kingdom
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Sunderland, United Kingdom
Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Torquay, United Kingdom
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust
🇬🇧Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust
🇬🇧Redhill, Surrey, United Kingdom
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
🇬🇧Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom
NHS Highland
🇬🇧Inverness, Inverness-shire, United Kingdom
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom