A Phase I Trial of Vandetanib (AZD6474) and Selumetinib (AZD6244) for Solid Tumours Including Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (VanSel-1)

Phase 1

Completed

• Conditions: Non Small Cell Lung Cancer; Cancer
• Interventions: Drug: Vandetanib, Selumetinib

• Registration Number: NCT01586624
• Lead Sponsor: Cancer Research UK

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether using two drugs together called vandetanib and selumetinib is effective in the treatment of cancer. The first part of this study will include patients with any solid tumour and the second part of this study will include only patients with non small cell lung cancer. The four main aims of this clinical study are to find out:

* If the two drugs can be given safely to patients when given together.

* The maximum dose that can be given safely to patients.

* More about the potential side effects of the drugs and how they can be managed.

* What happens to vandetanib and selumetinib inside the body.

Detailed Description

The purpose of this Phase I study is to establish a safety and toxicity profile of combining two study drugs; vandetanib, a VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor) and EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) inhibitor, with selumetinib a MEK (Mitogen Activated Kinase) inhibitor.

This is the first time the drugs have been used together. These types of drugs have shown an effect in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

The study is in two parts; the dose escalation phase and the expansion phase.

In the dose escalation phase, 42-50 patients will receive different doses of vandetanib and increasing doses of selumetinib to establish a safe dose to recommend for the next stage of the study. Patients with any solid tumour will be eligible.

In the expansion phase, up to 30 patients will receive the dose recommended in the previous phase. Only patients with NSCLC will be eligible for this part of the study.

The expansion phase will look at further evaluating the safety of the drug combination and the anti-tumour activity. Patients in this cohort will be requested to also consent to have additional imaging assessments and optional tumour biopsies.

Study treatment is administered orally; vandetanib tablets once daily and selumetinib capsules once daily (OD)/twice daily (BD). Cycle 1 is 42 days long. Subsequent cycles are 28 days in length. Patients will receive a total of 6 cycles of the combination treatment. If the patient has not progressed after six cycles, they may be treated for further cycles following approval from the sponsor.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2012-01-10
• Study First Submitted: 2012-04-25
• Study First Submitted QC: 2012-04-26
• Study First Posted: 2012-04-27
• Primary Completion: 2020-06-11
• Study Completion: 2020-06-11
• Results First Submitted: 2021-06-10
• Status Verified: 2021-09
• Results First Submitted QC: 2021-09-09
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-09-09
• Results First Posted: 2021-10-07
• Last Update Posted: 2021-10-07

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 61

Inclusion Criteria

1. (Dose escalation cohorts) Histologically or cytologically proven solid tumour for which no conventional therapy exists or is declined by the patient

2. (Expansion cohort only) Histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC patients only, for which no conventional therapy exists or is declined by the patient.

   • If only cytologically confirmed, baseline biopsy is mandatory for a patient to be eligible.

   • For NSCLC patients to be eligible for the expansion cohort they must have received:

     • One prior line of chemotherapy and/or
     • Previous platinum based chemotherapy and/or
     • At least one previous EGFR inhibitor

3. (Expansion cohort only) Measurable disease according to RECIST criteria Version 1.1 in final version of the protocol

4. Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks

5. World Health Organisation (WHO) performance status of 0-1

6. Baseline LVEF > 50%

7. Haematological and biochemical indices within the ranges shown below. These measurements must be performed within one week (Day -7 to Day -1) before the patient goes on study.

   Laboratory Test Value required

   Haemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 9.0 g/dL

   Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1.5 x 10^9/L

   Platelet count ≥ 100 x 10^9 /L

   Normal serum calcium (adjusted)* 2.15-2.55 mmol/L

   Normal serum magnesium* 0.60-1.0 mmol/L

   Normal serum potassium >4.0 mmol/L

   Either: Serum bilirubin ≥1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) This does not apply to patients with Gilbert's disease.

   Alanine amino-transferase (ALT) or aspartate amino-transferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 2.5 x ULN unless raised due to liver metastases in which case up to 5 x ULN is permissible

   Either: Calculated creatinine clearance (using the Wright or C&G formula) > 50 mL/min

   Or: Isotope clearance measurement** ≥ 50 mL/min (uncorrected)

   INR or aPTT < 1.5 x ULN

   *or normal range according to the local laboratory

   ** Isotope clearance result to be used to confirm eligibility if calculated C&G/Wright method results in GFR of = 50 mL/min.

   *** Therapeutic INR values (2.0-3.0) are acceptable to confirm eligibility for patients who are taking concomitant warfarin.

8. 18 years or over

9. Ability to swallow and retain oral medications.

10. Written (signed and dated) informed consent and be capable of co-operating with treatment, and follow-up

Exclusion Criteria

1. Radiotherapy (except for palliative reasons), endocrine therapy, immunotherapy or chemotherapy during the previous 4 weeks (6 weeks for investigational medicinal products) before treatment.

2. Patients who have been withdrawn from treatment with agents that target EGFR because of unacceptable toxicity (prior treatment with these agents is allowed) and those patients who have had EGFR dose reductions by 50% or more.

3. Expansion cohort only: Prior treatment with any agent that targets MEK or VEGFR

4. Any prior exposure to RAS or RAF inhibitors

5. Ongoing toxic manifestations of previous treatments. Exceptions to this are alopecia or certain Grade 2 toxicities, which in the opinion of the Investigator and the Centre for Drug Development (CDD) should not exclude the patient.

6. Symptomatic brain metastases (patients must be stable for >3 months post RT treatment) or spinal cord compression.

7. Patients with interstitial lung disease.

8. Pregnant or lactating women are excluded. Female patients with the ability to become pregnant who have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test before enrollment and agree to use two of the following three highly effective forms of combined contraception (oral, injected or implanted hormonal contraception and condom, have a intra-uterine device and condom, diaphragm with spermicidal gel and condom) for four weeks before entering the trial, during the trial and for six months afterwards are considered eligible.

9. Male patients with partners of child-bearing potential (unless they agree to take measures not to father children by using one form of highly effective contraception [condom plus spermicide] during the trial and for six months afterwards). Men with pregnant or lactating partners should be advised to use barrier method contraception (e.g. condom plus spermicidal gel) to prevent exposure to the foetus or neonate.

10. Major surgery from which the patient has not yet recovered.

11. At high medical risk because of non-malignant systemic disease including active uncontrolled infection.

12. Known to be serologically positive for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

13. Cardiac conditions as follows:

    • Clinically significant cardiovascular event within 3 months prior to entry to include:

      • Myocardial infarction
      • Angina requiring use of nitrates more than once weekly
      • Superior vena cava syndrome
      • Class II/III/IV cardiac disease (New York Heart Association [NYHA])
      • Presence of cardiac disease that in the opinion of the Investigator increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia.

    • History of arrhythmia which is symptomatic or requires treatment (CTCAE V4.02), symptomatic or uncontrolled atrial fibrillation despite treatment or asymptomatic sustained ventricular tachycardia. Patients with atrial fibrillation controlled by medication are permitted.

    • Uncontrolled hypertension (BP > 160/100 despite optimal therapy)

    • Prior or current cardiomyopathy

    • Atrial fibrillation with heart rate > 100 bpm

    • QTcB > or equal to 450 msec on screening ECG (Note: If a patient has a QTcB interval > or equal to 450 msec on screening ECG, the screen ECG may be repeated twice [at least 24 hours apart]. The average QTcB from the three screening ECGs must be < 450 msec in order for the subject to be eligible for the study.)

    • History of congenital long QT syndrome

    • History of Torsade de Pointes (or any concurrent medication with a known risk of inducing Torsades de Pointes.)

14. Concomitant medications that are potent inducers of CYP3A4 function i.e. rifampicin, rifabutin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, Phenobarbital and St John"s Wort.

15. Any other condition which in the Investigator"s opinion would not make the patient a good candidate for the clinical trial (e.g. evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic disease or concurrent condition or that may affect ability to absorb oral agents).

16. Current malignancies of other types, with the exception of adequately treated cone-biopsied in situ carcinoma of the cervix uteri and basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Cancer survivors, who have undergone potentially curative therapy for a prior malignancy, have no evidence of that disease for five years or more and are deemed at negligible risk for recurrence, are eligible for the trial.

17. If a participant plans to participate in another interventional clinical study, whilst taking part in this Phase I study. Participation in an observational study would be acceptable.

18. Ophthalmological conditions as follows:

    1. Current or past history of retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED)/central serous retinopathy (CSR) or retinal vein occlusion.
    2. Intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg or uncontrolled glaucoma (irrespective of IOP).

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 1 (Steady state dose of 100 mg OD Vandetanib + 25 mg BD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 3 (Steady state dose of 100 mg OD Vandetanib + 75 mg BD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 4 (Steady state dose of 100 mg OD Vandetanib + 100 mg OD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 2 (Steady state dose of 100 mg OD Vandetanib + 50 mg BD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Expansion Phase (Steady state dose of 200 mg OD Vandetanib + 50 mg BD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Expansion cohort at the recommended phase 2 dose of vandetanib and selumetinib defined in the escalation phase.
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 5b (Steady state dose of 200 mg OD Vandetanib + 50 mg BD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 5a (Steady state dose of 100 mg OD Vandetanib + 125 mg OD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Phase Cohort 6 (Steady state dose of 300 mg OD Vandetanib + 50 mg BD Selumetinib)	Vandetanib, Selumetinib	Dose escalation to determine recommended dose and schedule for Phase 2 evaluation of vandetanib and selumetinib.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Serious Adverse Events, Non-serious Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Adverse Events.	Safety data was collected from the date of written informed consent and continued until 28 days after the final administration of vandetanib and selumetinib, an average (mean) of 164 days (approximately 5.4 months).	Number of serious adverse events, non-serious adverse events and treatment emergent adverse events.
Number of Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) Within Each Cohort.	DLTs occurring in the first Cycle (up to Day 42).	Number of DLTs within each cohort.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Dose Escalation Cohorts Only: PK Parameter Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration of Vandetanib.	0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours post dose on Day 4. 0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours post dose on Days 15 and 29.	Maximum observed plasma concentration of vandetanib post treatment with vandetanib alone and following the combination of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Cohorts Only: PK Parameter Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration of Selumetinib.	0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours post dose on Days 15 and 29.	Maximum observed plasma concentration of selumetinib post treatment with the combination of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Cohorts Only: PK Parameter Area Under the Plasma Concentration Time Curve (0-24 Hours) of Vandetanib.	0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours post dose on Day 4. 0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours post dose on Days 15 and 29.	Area under the plasma concentration time curve (0-24 hours) of vandetanib post treatment with vandetanib alone and following the combination of vandetanib and selumetinib.
Dose Escalation Cohorts Only: PK Parameter Area Under the Plasma Concentration Time Curve (0-12 Hours) of Selumetinib.	0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6 and 10 hours post dose on Days 15 and 29.	Area under the plasma concentration time curve (0-12 hours) of selumetinib post treatment with the combination of vandetanib and selumetinib. This was extrapolated from the sampling data up to 10 hours to allow comparison with literature data.
Dose Escalation Cohorts Only: PK Parameter Area Under the Plasma Concentration Time Curve (0-12 Hours) of N-desmethyl Metabolite of Selumetinib.	0 hours (pre dose) and at 0.5, 2, 4, 6 and 10 hours post dose on Days 15 and 29.	Area under the plasma concentration time curve (0-12 hours) of N-desmethyl metabolite of selumetinib following the combination of vandetanib and selumetinib. This was extrapolated from the sampling data up to 10 hours to allow comparison with literature data.
Expansion Cohort Only: One Year Survival of Patients With NSCLC After Treatment With the Combination of Vandetanib and Selumetinib.	1 year from date of first dose of vandetanib.	Number of patients alive at one year.
Expansion Cohort Only: Progression Free Survival (PFS) of Patients With NSCLC After Treatment With the Combination of Vandetanib and Selumetinib.	10 and 18 weeks from date of first dose of vandetanib.	PFS by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours Criteria (RECIST v1.0). Per RECIST for target lesions and assessed by computerised tomography (CT), progressive disease was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum while on trial, or the appearance of one or more new lesions.
Expansion Cohort Only: Tumour Metabolism in Patients With NSCLC Using Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumours (PERCIST) Criteria.	Baseline, Day 12, Day 42.	Tumour metabolism using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (\[18F\]FDG-PET) computerised tomography (CT) imaging pre and post treatment with vandetanib alone and following the combination of vandetanib and selumetinib. These were assessed and reported according to PERCIST criteria.

Trial Locations

Locations (4)

Addenbrooke's Hospital; 🇬🇧 Cambridge, United Kingdom

Churchill Hospital; 🇬🇧 Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom

The Christie Hospital; 🇬🇧 Manchester, United Kingdom

Freeman Hospital; 🇬🇧 Newcastle, United Kingdom