Pharmacokinetics and Immunogenicity of the First Doses of PEG-Asparaginase -An ALLTogether Pilot Study

Completed

• Conditions: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

• Registration Number: NCT04843150
• Lead Sponsor: Aarhus University Hospital

Brief Summary

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignant disease in childhood. Survival rates exceed 90% in children and 75% in adults (aged 18-45 years). During the induction period Asparaginase is an indispensable part of the multiagent treatment, but is often associated with hypersensitivity, either with clinical allergy or silent inactivation. In both cases, Asparaginase is inactivated. It is well known that truncation of Asparaginase treatment due to inactivation reduces survival. To approach understanding Asparaginase dynamics and hypersensitivity in ALL patients it is important to examine the pharmacokinetics of Asparaginase.

The aim of this study is to identify serological parameters for prediction of hypersensitivity reaction after the first doses of PEG-Asparaginase given intravenously on the ALLTogether protocol.

Detailed Description

Asp enzyme activity is measurable in plasma, and trough levels above 100 IU/l secure effect. Patients, who have their treatment truncated, have inferior outcome. For many years prolonged Asp treatment for 30 weeks has been part of most protocols worldwide, but a recent Nordic randomized study showed that less asparaginase (8 doses vs 15 doses intramuscularly (IM)) results in the same disease-free survival and significant less toxicity in the less intensive treatment arm (6).

Accordingly, in the current Western European protocol (ALLTogether) less Asp is now given. The Nordic Countries participate in this protocol.

Unlike in the previous Nordic protocol, NOPHO ALL2008, in ALLTogether Asp will be initiated early during induction (day 4 compared to day 30) and given intravenously (IV) and not IM. In February 2017 it was approved by the NOPHO Board to do more extensive pharmacokinetic studies of IM administered PEG-asparaginase, as it has not been shown if IM or IV is preferably in respect to minimizing the incidence of hypersensitivity. Most study groups in the world use IV administration, thus NOPHO has a unique chance to illuminate inactivation after IM administration, also in adult patients. Other groups have not published this.

For \>50% of the patients in ALLTogether, the induction therapy has been reduced from 4 drugs to 3 drugs. This emphasizes the importance of optimal treatment from the beginning. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) will identify patients without activity in order to change Asp preparation. Additional sampling close after the first dose of PEG-Asp is expected to identify these patients earlier, providing an opportunity to optimize their treatment for better disease-free survival.

The aim of this study is to identify serological parameters for prediction of hypersensitivity reaction after the first dose of PEG-Asp given IV on the ALLTogether protocol.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2020-07-01
• Study First Submitted: 2021-04-09
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-04-09
• Study First Posted: 2021-04-13
• Primary Completion: 2023-09-30
• Study Completion: 2023-10-01
• Status Verified: 2024-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-02-04
• Last Update Posted: 2024-02-06

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 320

Inclusion Criteria

• Treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on the ALL2GETHER pilot protocol

Exclusion Criteria

• none

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of participants with hypersensitivity Clinical allergy / silent inactivation	2018-2021	Patients with allergic reactions or silent inactivation

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; 🇩🇰 Aarhus N, Denmark

Department of Pediatrics, Skejby Hospital; 🇩🇰 Aarhus, Denmark