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High Flow Nasal Cannula in Pediatric Patients After Cardiothoracic Surgery

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Pediatric Patients After Cardiothoracic Surgery
Interventions
Device: high flow nasal cannula therapy
Device: low flow nasal cannula therapy
Registration Number
NCT04451057
Lead Sponsor
Osaka University
Brief Summary

High flow nasal cannula(HFNC) ventilation can provide such effects as wash-out effect of the carbon dioxide inside the anatomical dead space,some level of continuous airway pressure and humidified oxygen gases.

Therefore because of its physiological benefits, it has been reported that HFNC can reduce "treatment failure" after extubation in pediatric patients like preterm babies,or infants who suffer from bronchitis.

However there is no evidence showing that HFNC can reduce "treatment failure" after extubation in pediatric patients after cardiothoracic surgery.

This multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving pediatric patients after cardiothoracic surgery will be conducted to determine whether HFNC,compared with conventional oxygen therapy,after extubation can reduce the rate of"escalation of care due to treatment failure".

Detailed Description

The multi-center RCT will enroll 380 pediatric patients after cardiothoracic surgery from the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Japan.Informed consent will be obtained from the their parents or legally representatives.They will receive postoperative standard care in ICU and spontaneous breathing test(SBT).If SBT will be done successfully,they will be extubated.Just before extubation,they will be divided randomly into the intervention group or the control group.After randomization,they will be extubated.After extubation,the intervention group will receive HFNC therapy,while the control group will receive conventional oxygen therapy.The flow in the intervention group will surely be maintained to be high,while the flow in control group will surely be less than 2 liter/min.In both groups,outcome measure will be assessed within 72 hours after extubation,or during ICU stay.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
286
Inclusion Criteria
  • pediatric patients younger than two years old after cardiothoracic surgery
  • pediatric patients who have been ventilated for more than 12 hours after surgery
Exclusion Criteria
  • patients with tracheostomy
  • patients with do-not-resuscitate (DNR)
  • patients who have be treated by noninvasive positive pressure ventilation or high flow nasal cannula before surgery
  • patients who undergo unplanned extubation
  • patients who have withdrawn consent from their legal guardian
  • patients who don't need oxygen therapy
  • patients who are planned to receive treatment with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation after extubation
  • patients who are planned to inhale nitric oxide(NO) after extubation

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
high flow nasal nasal cannulahigh flow nasal cannula therapyPatients allocated for this arm are received high flow nasal cannula therapy after extubation.
low flow nasal cannulalow flow nasal cannula therapyPatients allocated for this arm are received conventional oxygen therapy after extubation.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
the rate of"escalation of care due to treatment failure" within 72 hours after extubationFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed within 72 hours after extubation.
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
non event rate within 72 hours after extubationFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed within 72 hours after extubation.

The event is defined as "escalation of care due to treatment failure "after extubation.Non event is defined as other than this event.

arterial blood gasFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed before extubation,1 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after extubation.

lactate

peripheral oxygen saturationFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed before extubation,1 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after extubation.

oxygen saturation (SpO2)

vital signFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed before extubation,1 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after extubation.

mean blood pressure

Catecholamine scoreFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed before extubation,1 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after extubation.
Oxygen flow rateOutcome is assessed at the time as follows;1 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after extubation.

Inhaled oxygen flow rate

fractional inspired oxygenFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed before extubation,1 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours after extubation.

fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2)

sedative doseOutcome is assessed like as follows;total dose from 6 hours before extubation to extubation,total dose from 18 hours to 24 hours after extubation,total dose from 42 hours to 48 hours after extubation,total dose from 66 hours to 72 hours after extubation.
Chest x-ray scoreOutcome is assessed within 24 hours before extubation,within 24 hours after extubation.

The presence of atelectasis is expressed by a 5 point score:clear lung fields 0,plate-like atelectasis or slight infiltration 1,partial atelectasis 2,lobar atelectasis 3,bilateral lobar atelectasis 4.

criteria of "treatment failure"Outcome measure is assessed within 72 hours after extubation.

This criteria of "treatment failure" is defined as follows; 1 tachypnea,2 hypercapnia,3 reduced oxygen saturation,4 tachycardia,5 clinical symptoms suggesting respiratory distress, 6 life threatening signs,7 other clinical concerns or reasons.

Details of"escalation of care"Outcome measure is assessed within 72 hours after extubation.

The details of "escalation of care" are defined as follows;"escalation of care" is defined as noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) therapy or mechanical ventilation therapy ,if patients have been allocated to intervention group ( group for HFNC therapy ).On the other hand, " escalation of care" is defined as HFNC therapy,NPPV therapy,or mechanical ventilation therapy, if patients have been allocated to control group ( group for conventional oxygen therapy).

at the time of 72 hours after extubation, treatment outcome of the patients who have been diagnosed as "treatment failure"Outcome measure is assessed at the time of 72 hours after extubation

This treatment outcome of these patients is defined as follows;1 They haven't receive more"escalation of care" by receiving HFNC therapy,2 They have received noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) therapy despite receiving HFNC therapy,3 They have received mechanical ventilation therapy despite receiving HFNC therapy,4They haven't receive more"escalation of care" by receiving NPPV therapy,5 They have received mechanical ventilation therapy despite receiving NPPV therapy.

the rate of reintubation at the time of 72 hours after extubationOutcome measure is assessed at the time of 72 hours after extubation
the length of ICU staythrough study completion,an average of 1 month
the length of hospital stayOutcome measure is assessed when the patients is discharged from the hospital or the time of six months after extubation.
prespecified sub group analysisFinal outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed within 72 hours after extubation.

Primary outcome is assessed by sub group analysis as follows; operation time(less than 6 hours,more than 6 hours).

adverse eventsthrough study completion,an average of 1 month

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Osaka University

🇯🇵

Osaka, Japan

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