The Effectiveness of Ergonomics Intervention Program to Reduce the Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Dubai Healthcare Workers in Dubai (UAE)

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an ergonomics intervention program to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among dental healthcare workers in Dubai government hospitals. MSDs pose significant occupational health challenges globally, especially among dental professionals, who often experience high prevalence of pain in the lower back, neck, shoulders, and upper extremities due to repetitive tasks, static postures, and patient handling. In Dubai and the broader UAE, these disorders affect up to 90% of dental healthcare workers, yet focused research and intervention programs remain limited. This research will be conducted in three phases. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness by comparing outcomes between intervention and control groups at baseline, post-intervention, and a three-month follow-up. Outcome measures include changes in MSD prevalence and severity, mental health impact, physical activity level, and KAP scores. Statistical analyses will include logistic regression, one-way ANOVA, and Generalized Estimating Equations to assess within- and between-group differences over time. This RCT will recruit 110 participants (55 per group), using cluster randomization of hospitals to prevent contamination. Participants must have at least one year of professional experience and be between 25 and 65 years old, excluding those with certain medical conditions or current leave. Expected outcomes include identifying significant socio-demographic, mental health, physical activity, and environmental predictors for MSDs, and demonstrating the intervention's effectiveness in reducing MSD risk factors and improving related health and behavioral outcomes. The study emphasizes the integration of ergonomic education with environmental and behavioral modifications to achieve sustainable improvements in dental workers' occupational health. This research addresses critical gaps in understanding and managing MSDs among dental healthcare workers in Dubai, providing evidence-based guidance for occupational health policies and practices. Its comprehensive, theory-driven intervention program has the potential to enhance the well-being, productivity, and retention of dental professionals, ultimately benefiting patient care quality in the rapidly growing UAE healthcare sector.