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A Study on the Prevalence of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Cardiovascular Patients

Conditions
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Registration Number
NCT00198575
Lead Sponsor
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan
Brief Summary

Several clinical studies in Western countries have revealed that the prevalence of HIT is 0.5 to 5%, varying depending on the clinical setting. Thirty to 50% of HIT patients suffer from thromboembolic events, and the mortality of HIT is 10 to 20%. In contrast, many physicians in Japan report no experience in treating HIT, although approximately 200,000 patients per year receive heparin. This raises the possibility that the prevalence of HIT might be much lower in Japan than in Western countries. In fact, neither the drug for HIT treatment nor the laboratory test for HIT diagnosis has been approved by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan. We have therefore conducted a multi-center, prospective cohort study to determine the prevalence and profile of HIT in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention. Approximately 1,500 patients will be enrolled in this study.

Detailed Description

Heparin is an important anticoagulation treatment, especially for cardiovascular patients. Recently, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia type II (HIT) has been shown to be an immune-mediated, life-threatening side effect of heparin therapy. Antibodies against heparin-platelet factor 4 (HIT antibodies), induced by heparin administration, are the major cause of HIT. HIT antibodies can stimulate platelets and endothelial cells, resulting in an excess production of thrombin, inducing thrombocytopenia and thromboembolic events. HIT typically occurs 5 to 14 days after the initial administration of heparin (typical-onset). HIT antibodies are transient but can be detected for about 100 days after the cessation of heparin treatment. Thus, some patients develop HIT either days after discontinuing heparin (delayed-onset) or soon after the re-administration of heparin (rapid-onset). HIT is clinically diagnosed by a drop in platelet count to less than 100,000/μL or a 50% decrease in platelets after the initiation of heparin therapy with no apparent explanation other than HIT. A positive laboratory test for HIT antibodies supports the clinical diagnosis.

Several clinical studies in Western countries have revealed that the prevalence of HIT is 0.5 to 5%, varying depending on the clinical setting. Thirty to 50% of HIT patients suffer from thromboembolic events, and the mortality of HIT is 10 to 20%. In contrast, many physicians in Japan report no experience in treating HIT, although approximately 200,000 patients per year receive heparin. This raises the possibility that the prevalence of HIT might be much lower in Japan than in Western countries. In fact, neither the drug for HIT treatment nor the laboratory test for HIT diagnosis has been approved by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan. We have therefore conducted a multi-center, prospective cohort study to determine the prevalence and profile of HIT in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention. Approximately 1,500 patients will be enrolled in this study.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
1500
Inclusion Criteria
  • Adult males or females who meet the criteria listed below:

    1. Patients who are >=20 years of age
    2. Patients scheduled to undergo cardiovascular surgery or patients with acute coronary syndrome scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention
    3. Patients willing and able to give informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Patients who have a documented history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
  2. Chronic thrombocytopenia (<100,000/μL)
  3. Hematopoietic malignancy
  4. Patients who receive an anticancer drug

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (13)

National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center

🇯🇵

Kumamoto, Japan

Nagoya University Hospital

🇯🇵

Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Kobe University Hospital

🇯🇵

Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

Kurume University Hospital

🇯🇵

Kurume, Hukuoka, Japan

Tokai University Hospital

🇯🇵

Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan

National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center

🇯🇵

Iwakuni, Yamaguchi, Japan

National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital

🇯🇵

Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan

Sakakibara Memorial Hospital

🇯🇵

Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan

National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center

🇯🇵

Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital

🇯🇵

Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Kobe City General Hospital

🇯🇵

Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

Iwate Medical University Hospital

🇯🇵

Morioka, Iwate, Japan

National Cardiovascular Center

🇯🇵

Suita, Osaka, Japan

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