Effect of Flax, Poppy, Sesame & Salba on Postprandial Blood Glucose Response, Vascular, Appetite & Sensory Parameters

Phase 1

Completed

• Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases
• Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Flaxseed; Dietary Supplement: Wheat Bran; Dietary Supplement: Salba; Dietary Supplement: Sesame; Dietary Supplement: Poppy

• Registration Number: NCT01579656
• Lead Sponsor: Unity Health Toronto

Brief Summary

Consumption of whole grains has been heavily endorsed by both government and major health agencies, as evidenced in Health Canada's Food Guide, the US Department of Agriculture's Food Pyramid, and the Heart and Stroke Foundation's healthy eating guide. Whole grains have been championed for their proposed cardioprotective and weight control effects as suggested by epidemiological studies. The health benefits of whole grain products may be attributable to their nutrient composition, which contains dietary fibre, protein and several essential nutrients. There has also been a concurrent increase in seed consumption. Seeds have a similar and potentially superior nutritional composition to whole grains and they are rich in mammalian lignans and polyunsaturated fats, especially the highly valued omega-3 fatty acids. Preliminary studies on seeds have shown that they impart health benefits similar to those imparted by whole grains. Consumer choices regarding seed consumption may be based on their potential health benefits. Furthermore, they may also be affected by subjective sensory factors, such as appearance, taste and pre-conceived perceptions. Therefore, this study will compare the health properties of four seeds and their effects on appetite and sensory parameters in healthy individuals. These four seeds will be that of flax, poppy and sesame, due to their popularity and consumption as well as Salba, which has also recently received much attention for its associated health benefits.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2011-02
• Study First Submitted: 2011-08-26
• Primary Completion: 2012-04
• Study First Submitted QC: 2012-04-16
• Study First Posted: 2012-04-18
• Study Completion: 2012-08
• Status Verified: 2014-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2014-03-06
• Last Update Posted: 2014-03-07

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 21

Inclusion Criteria

• age 18-65 years
• normal glycemic response
• BMI between 18.5 - 25 kg/m2
• peripheral systolic and diastolic blood pressure < 140mmHg and < 90mmHg

Exclusion Criteria

• known history of liver or kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension, stroke or myocardial infarctions, thyroid disease, Celiac disease/gastrointestinal disease, or AIDS;
• allergies to any of the test products
• using prescription medications or Natural Health Products
• any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, might jeopardize the health and safety of the subject or study personnel, or adversely affect the study results

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Flaxseed	Flaxseed	25g of ground flaxseed baked into a bran muffin
Wheat Bran	Wheat Bran	Bran muffin matched for total available carbohydrates, total dietary fibre and calories
Salba	Salba	25g of ground Salba baked into a bran muffin
Sesame	Sesame	25g of ground sesame seeds baked into a bran muffin
Poppy	Poppy	25g of ground poppy seeds baked into a bran muffin

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Postprandial Blood Glucose	3 hours	At each visit, postprandial blood glucose will be measured every 15 minutes over 3 hours.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Arterial Stiffness	3 hours	At each visit, arterial stiffness (assessed by central augmentation index) will be measured every 30 minutes over 3 hours.
Personal Preference	3 hours	At each visit, participants will record their subjective ratings using a 100mm visual analogue scale and these ratings will be combined into a total subjective personal preference score.
Blood Pressure	3 hours	At each visit, brachial blood pressure will be measured every 30 minutes over 3 hours.
Palatability	3 hours	At each visit, participants will record their subjective ratings using a 100mm visual analogue scale and these ratings will be combined into a total subjective palatability score.
Satiety	3 hours	At each visit, participants will record their subjective ratings using a 100mm visual analogue scale and these ratings will be combined into a total subjective appetite score.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

St. Michael's Hospital; 🇨🇦 Toronto, Ontario, Canada