Recovery Enhancement and Sleep Training (REST): Sleep and Mental Well-Being in Student Athletes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 40
- 主要终点
- Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI)
研究概览
简要总结
Evidence suggests that student athletes frequently experience sleep problems and are aware of the impact of sleep loss on mental and physical outcomes. As such, student athletes are motivated to improve sleep quality in order to improve their outcomes for overall athletic performance. This study will consist of two parts. The first part will be a survey. Fall athletes arrive in the summer, and Part 1 will invite 200 of these athletes to complete a survey within the first week of their arrival on campus. The survey will assess multiple domains of student-athlete health, namely, sleep duration and quality, mood and depression, stress, and mental and physical well-being. The responses to the survey will be confidential, and students will be compensated for the survey. At the end of the semester, students will be invited to complete the survey again.
Part 2 is an intervention. 40 of the 200 students will be chosen to participate in the intervention, based on predetermined criteria. The intervention will include an information session where students may ask questions. Students will be sent text message reminders about adherence to the program and will be asked to monitor their sleep quality with sleep diaries. The intervention will consist of the half of the 40 chosen students, (20 students), who will be provided with blue blocking glasses, a bright light-emitting diode (LED) light, and a fit bit. Please note that all of these items are commercially available and are not meant to be used to treat or prevent human illness nor injury and do not require FDA oversight. The blue-blocking glasses will ensure that blue light from electronic devices will not interfere with circadian rhythm or sleep onset, and allow students to fall asleep earlier. The bright LED light will provide bright blue light in the morning to help students wake and an amber light to promote earlier bedtimes. The Fitbit will estimate sleep and physical activity as well as adherence to the program.
详细描述
Student athletes face many challenges to their ability to maintain healthy mental and physical well-being. The college experience is associated with a number of physiologic, social, and environmental stressors that can exert long-term effects on an individual's future health and quality of life. In addition, unique demands of student-athletes, including academic, physical performance, scheduling, and travel demands, all represent additional stressors that interact to produce in poorer outcomes.
Insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality have been increasingly identified as important risk factors for physical and mental well-being, especially among young adults. For example, insufficient and/or poor quality sleep is strongly associated with the development of cardiometabolic disease risk factors, obesity, depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol use, other substance use, poorer academic performance, and reduced mental well-being, in addition to poorer athletic performance.
Data from a recent PAC12 conference report shows that 2/3 of students indicated that lack of flexible time is the hardest thing about being an athlete, more than academic work. Further, students identified sleep as the first thing that their athletic time commitments kept them from doing, 77% felt that they got less sleep than non-athletes, and >50% indicated that they would use an extra hour to catch up on sleep. In 2015 data from the American College Health Association, (1) 29% of student athletes report significant sleep difficulties, (2) 40% reported getting enough sleep on only ≤3 nights, (3) 10% reported no problems with daytime sleepiness, (4) >15% reported sleepiness to be at least "a big problem," (5) >25% reported extreme difficulty falling asleep ≥3 nights/week (consistent with a diagnosis of insomnia), and (6) >50% reported that sleep problems impacted academic performance. Thus, student-athletes frequently experience sleep problems, they recognize the impact of sleep loss, and they are likely motivated to improve sleep. These data are consistent with data from professional athletes, whose overall sleep quality is poorer than non-athletes.
Taken together, sleep is an aspect of health that is implicated in many of the most salient mental and physical outcomes among college athletes. Despite this, obtaining sufficient sleep represents one of the greatest challenges facing student athletes. No programmatic approaches have been able to address this problem.
Accordingly, the proposed study aims to develop and assess the benefits of a novel sleep health intervention targeted at student-athletes. This intervention will be assessed with and without the assistance of tools to aid in tracking sleep and adjusting to difficult schedules in order to evaluate the utility of those approaches.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Willingness to participate
- •Participation as a student-athlete during the entirety of their season
- •No medical conditions that would preclude them from participating (assessed by self-report)
- •Age ≥18 years
排除标准
- 未提供
研究组 & 干预措施
Sleep Intervention
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks
干预措施: Sleep Diary (Behavioral)
Sleep Intervention
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks
干预措施: Fitness tracker (Device)
Sleep Intervention
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks
干预措施: Information Session (Other)
Sleep Intervention
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks
干预措施: Text messages (Behavioral)
Sleep Intervention plus Tech
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, LED light, Blue-blocking glasses along with information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks.
干预措施: Sleep Diary (Behavioral)
Sleep Intervention plus Tech
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, LED light, Blue-blocking glasses along with information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks.
干预措施: Information Session (Other)
Sleep Intervention plus Tech
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, LED light, Blue-blocking glasses along with information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks.
干预措施: Text messages (Behavioral)
Sleep Intervention plus Tech
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, LED light, Blue-blocking glasses along with information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks.
干预措施: Fitness tracker (Device)
Sleep Intervention plus Tech
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, LED light, Blue-blocking glasses along with information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks.
干预措施: Blue-Blocking Glasses (Device)
Sleep Intervention plus Tech
N=20 Participants received fitness tracker, LED light, Blue-blocking glasses along with information session, a link to complete a daily sleep diary, intermittent text messages that included adherence reminders, encouraging statements, and tips for improving sleep. Daily monitoring with sleep diaries, daily monitoring of sleep tracker sync activity and regret lottery for 10 weeks.
干预措施: LED light (Device)
结局指标
主要结局
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI)
时间窗: Change from baseline to post-intervention, around 10 weeks after baseline
Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score at the end of the 10-week intervention. The PSQI global score has a possible range of 0-21 points. A total score of 5 or above indicates overall poor sleep quality.
Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)
时间窗: Change from baseline to post intervention, around 10 weeks after baseline
Change Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score at the end of 10-week intervention. The Insomnia Severity Index is a frequently-used questionnaire to measure insomnia symptoms. Total score categories: 0-7 = No clinically significant insomnia 8-14 = Subthreshold insomnia 15-21 = Clinical insomnia (moderate severity) 22-28 = Clinical insomnia (severe)
Centers for Disease Control (CDC)l and Prevention Health-Related Quality of Life Scale (HRQOL)
时间窗: Change from baseline to post intervention, around 10 weeks after baseline
Change in CDC Health-Related Quality of Life Scale (HRQOL) score at the end of 10-week intervention. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an individual's or a group's perceived physical and mental health over time. Unhealthy days are an estimate of the overall number of days during the previous 30 days when the respondent felt that either his or her physical or mental health was not good. Healthy days are the positive complementary form of unhealthy days. Healthy days estimates the number of recent days when a person's physical and mental health was good (or better) and is calculated by subtracting the number of unhealthy days from 30 days.
Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD)
时间窗: Change from baseline to post intervention, around 10 weeks after baseline
Change in Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD) score at the end of 10-week intervention. Possible range of scores is zero to 60, with the higher scores indicating the presence of more symptomatology.
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
时间窗: Change from baseline to post intervention, around 10 weeks after baseline
Change in Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score at the end of the 10-week intervention.The PSS is comprised of 14 items intended to measure how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded individuals find their life circumstances.Participants rate items on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 - "Never" to 4 - "Very often." Scores range from 0-56 higher scores indicate greater perceived stress.
次要结局
未报告次要终点