Is Antenatal Exposure to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Associated With Prolongation of the QT Interval in Term Neonates (Greater Than 37 Complete Weeks Gestation)?
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 88
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- QT interval on ECG of 48-72 hours old neonates
研究概览
简要总结
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are a group of antidepressants that suppress the re-absorption of a chemical called Serotonin in the brain, and improve mood. SSRI use in the treatment of mental health problems has increased greatly since their introduction in the 1980's. When given in pregnancy they cause less fetal effects than other antidepressants. However they are still known to cause premature birth, heart defects and withdrawal symptoms in the baby. Withdrawal symptoms can occur in up to 30% of exposed babies, where as heart defects have been found to increase by 2-3 times against the normal rate of 1%. There is very limited information available, but it is also thought it may cause lengthening of a certain portion of the heart beat, the QT interval, which has been shown to lead to sudden death in adults. The QT interval will be looked at in this study, comparing babies exposed to SSRIs in pregnancy with unexposed babies.
The study will be based in the United Kingdom (UK), at the Maternity Unit of a District General Hospital, and will be carried out over 12-18 months.
A group of babies whose mothers took SSRIs whilst pregnant will have an Electrocardiogram (ECG) done when they are 2-3 days old. These will be compared with babies whose mothers did not, but whose babies were still in hospital because they were at risk of having an infection, but were found to be healthy.
The study hopes to see whether there is a link between SSRI use in pregnancy and lengthening of the QT interval and if so, extra surveillance may be considered for this group of babies.
详细描述
The study will be carried out at the maternity unit of the local district general hospital. It is normal practice for women who have taken SSRIs in pregnancy to deliver at the local district general hospital, rather than at home or in the community, due to the possible problems with their babies.
Currently it is standard practice for a plan of care for after the baby is born (an ALERT) to be generated whilst the woman is pregnant. The ALERT form is developed by specialist nurses, Advanced Neonatal Nurse Practitioners (ANNPs) and Doctors specialising in newborn babies. The ALERT form details the recommended place of birth; length of expected hospital stay; known side effects of SSRIs; the monitoring that is done after birth and why; and whether breastfeeding is advised. This is returned to community midwifery staff to discuss with the woman ahead of delivery. When the woman who has taken SSRIs in her pregnancy comes to the maternity unit to deliver the ALERT form is activated. After birth she will be assessed by maternity staff and ANNPs to see if her baby is suitable for the study, and if so, she will be given an information leaflet and invitation letter when her baby is 12 hours old by these staff.
The other group of mothers that will be asked for the participation of their babies, will be those who require treatment with intravenous antibiotics for at least 36 hours, having been identified as being at risk of having an infection within 12 hours of being born. An infection marker, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in their blood is measured, and if this remains normal after 18 hours and the baby is suitable for the study, the mother will be given an information leaflet and invitation letter by maternity staff/ ANNPs. Antibiotics will continue to be given to the baby for at least 36- 47 hours until a blood test shows whether they have an infection or not. If they don't have an infection and are healthy, they will be considered for this study.
Both groups of babies are regularly monitored by the staff in the maternity unit to make sure that any problems they have are acted on quickly. Both groups of babies would normally be in hospital for 36- 48 hours for this monitoring.
When the babies in both groups are 48-72 hours old, the ANNPs will ask the mother if she is happy for her baby to have an electrocardiogram (ECG) to look at their heart beat pattern. After consideration time, a consent form is signed, a data collection sheet completed, and the ECG is carried out on the baby. This will happen on the ward so there is minimal disruption to the mother and baby.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Screening
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 2 Days 至 3 Days（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Neonates 37 weeks or more gestation at birth
- •Age of parent/ person with parental responsibility being at least 16 years old
- •Clinically well parent/ person with parental responsibility
- •English Speaking parent/ person with parental responsibility
- •Neonate at least 48 hours old
- •Inclusion criteria for case group participants only:
- •Maternal SSRI use at any point in pregnancy
- •Inclusion criteria for control group participants only:
- •Neonate highlighted as at risk of infection and:-
- •antibiotic therapy at less than 12 hours old;
- •CRP x 2 <10mg/l;
- •negative blood culture at 36-47 hours of age (depending on when antibiotic therapy was . commenced)
- •clinically well on examination by ANNP/ Medical team.
排除标准
- •Neonates less than 37 weeks gestation at birth
- •Age of parent/ person with parental responsibility under 16 years old
- •Neonate who is clinically unwell with risk of infection on examination
- •Neonate with CRP greater than 10 mg/l
- •Neonate with positive blood culture
- •Neonate less than 48 hours old
- •Maternal cocaine misuse
- •Maternal methadone use
- •Maternal use of other antidepressants
- •Known maternal or fetal structural cardiac abnormality
- •Neonate with heart murmur at the time of the planned ECG
- •Neonate presenting with congenital abnormality with a high incidence of associated cardiac malformations . . in current pregnancy (e.g., Trisomy 21)
- •Exclusion criteria for case group participants only:-
- •Neonate highlighted as at risk of infection and requiring antibiotic therapy.
- •Exclusion criteria for control group participants only:-
- •Maternal use of SSRIs in pregnancy
研究组 & 干预措施
Neonates exposed to AN SSRI use
A group of newborn babies who have been exposed to SSRIs in pregnancy will receive an Electrocardiogram at 48-72 hours of age.
干预措施: Electrocardiogram (Procedure)
Neonates not exposed to AN SSRI use
A group of newborn babies, who require treatment with intravenous antibiotics for at least 36 hours, having been identified as being at risk of having an infection within 12 hours of being born. They are subsequently confirmed as clinically well and will receive an Electrocardiogram at 48-72 hours of age.
干预措施: Electrocardiogram (Procedure)
结局指标
主要结局
QT interval on ECG of 48-72 hours old neonates
时间窗: 48-72 hours old
The range of QT intervals for this age group of neonates will be ascertained on ECG. Those outside the accepted norm of 2 deviations from the mean (\>440msecs) will be highlighted as prolonged.
次要结局
- Wellbeing as stated in hospital record at 6 months of age if prolonged QT interval on ECG at 48- 72 hours of age.(6 months old)
- SSRIs taken antenatally as stated on the data collection sheet.(48 -72 hours postpartum)
- Gestation at which SSRIs were taken as stated on the data collection sheet.(48 -72 hours postpartum)