Intraoperative Tranexamic Acid Infusion in Low Dose Versus in High Dose for Reducing Blood Loss and Its Effect on Postoperative Thromboembolic Complications in Radical Cystectomy Operations
试验速览
- 阶段
- 4 期
- 入组人数
- 90
- 主要终点
- Effect of low dose and high dose tranexemic acid infusion on Intraoperative blood loss .
研究概览
简要总结
Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers of the genitourinary tract in adults, and its incidence distinctly increases with age . In almost two-thirds of cases, the disease is superficial at presentation and involves the mucosal and sub mucosal layers or the lamina propria of the bladder, whereas ∼20% to 30% of patients have muscle-invasive tumors. Superficial bladder cancer is treated by transurethral endoscopic resection, which can be followed by endovesical therapy for patients at risk of disease recurrence and progression . In contrast, muscle-invasive bladder cancer is generally treated by radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and then creation of urinary diversion to create an alternate route for urine passage, which demonstrates 10-year recurrence-free survival rates of 50% to 59% and overall survival rates of ∼45% .
These major surgeries have a prolonged operative times and are associated with significant risk of complications including high risk of perioperative bleeding and subsequent need for blood transfusion with significant postoperative complications, which are reportedly in the range of 24% to 64% .
详细描述
Among individual surgeons at institutions that perform many procedures, median intraoperative blood loss is between 600 and 1700 mL. The incidence of at least one intraoperative blood transfusion is 9 to 67%, and the postoperative transfusion risk is at least 15%. Among cystectomy patients who receive transfusion, a median of 2 units of blood cells are given. Therefore, it is very important to establish surgical and anesthetic protocols aimed at minimizing intraoperative blood loss and subsequent blood transfusion requirements in order to improve postoperative outcomes.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in radical cystectomy can account for up to 22% of total deaths after surgery . In the bladder cancer literature, symptomatic thromboembolic events occur in up to 8.3% of patients , but subclinical deep vein thrombosis (DVT) rates can be as high as 24.4% when examining an ultrasonography (US)-screened population . In fact, undergoing a RC is a significant, independent risk factor on multivariable analysis for developing a deep venous thrombosis.
Lysine analog drugs are synthetic derivatives of the amino acid lysine that reversibly block lysine-binding sites on plasminogen molecules. This action prevents the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, the active enzyme that degrades fibrin clots. Therefore, lysine analogs decrease the breakdown of clots and are considered anti-fibrinolytics. There are two commonly studied lysine analogs, tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid. Both of these drugs have been shown to decrease blood loss and blood transfusion need during some surgeries without a significant increase in adverse events.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 70 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age: 18 - 70 years old
- •Gender: Males and females
- •ASA grade I - II
- •Patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer regardless of tumor stage and histology.
- •Patients who have undergone previous surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy may be included.
- •All forms of urinary diversion are allowed
排除标准
- •Patient refusal.
- •Patient with allergy to tranexamic acid.
- •Patients have thromboembolic disease (active or diagnosed within 1 year), such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), cerebral thrombosis or MI.
- •Pregnancy.
- •Patients with hematuria.
研究组 & 干预措施
first group
1st group (A) will include 30 patients: each one will receive 15mg/kg of I.V tranexemic acid as a bolus over 10 minutes (loading dose) then 10mg/kg/hour of I.V tranexemic acid as infusion all through the operation.
干预措施: Tranexamic acid (Drug)
first group
1st group (A) will include 30 patients: each one will receive 15mg/kg of I.V tranexemic acid as a bolus over 10 minutes (loading dose) then 10mg/kg/hour of I.V tranexemic acid as infusion all through the operation.
干预措施: Normal saline (Other)
second group
2nd group (B) will include 30 patients: : each one will receive 5mg/kg of I.V tranexemic acid as a bolus over 10 minutes (loading dose) then 1mg/kg/hour of I.V tranexemic acid as infusion all through the operation.
干预措施: Tranexamic acid (Drug)
second group
2nd group (B) will include 30 patients: : each one will receive 5mg/kg of I.V tranexemic acid as a bolus over 10 minutes (loading dose) then 1mg/kg/hour of I.V tranexemic acid as infusion all through the operation.
干预措施: Normal saline (Other)
Third group
3rd group (C){controlled group} will include 30 patients: each one will receive saline (placebo) injection and infusion all through the operation.
干预措施: Normal saline (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Effect of low dose and high dose tranexemic acid infusion on Intraoperative blood loss .
时间窗: within the first 15 days
Estimated Blood Loss and perioperative need for blood transfusion within the first 15 days .
次要结局
- Postoperative thromboembolic events(within the first 15 days)
研究者
Dalia Mohamed Abbas
principal investigator
Assiut University