The Effects of 8-week Cognitive-motor Training on Proprioception and Postural Control Under Single and Dual Task Conditions in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trials.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 20
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Cognitive results
研究概览
简要总结
Currently, there is a growing concern for the elderly population and for what the increase in life expectancy entails, and that is why many authors investigate about exercise protocols that delay the appearance of both cognitive and motor diseases and how to link both in your day to day. Despite this, there is still little information about training with DT tasks that improve the life of the elderly and that is why this study aims to evaluate the effect of an eight-week training program in older adults healthy, in the improvement of balance and proprioception of the knee, with the inclusion of a cognitive task performed simultaneously. We hypothesize that the inclusion of the double motor-cognitive task in the training sessions will improve the performance in the balance and proprioception tests performed with the simultaneous cognitive task after 8 weeks compared to the control group.
详细描述
The study included the participation of 30 physically active older adults, who were recruited in a sports center in the community of Cataluña, between the ages of 65-85 years. Potential participants were excluded from the sample if they: i) suffered from a neurological condition such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease ii) were unable to perform one or more of the parts of testing and/or iii) were undergoing pharmacological treatments likely to alter postural control and proprioception, iv) underwent lower limb joint replacement surgery. The participants were invited to take part in the study voluntarily and they were informed verbally and in writing as to the characteristics of the programme.
The study was carried out in accordance with the ethical standards set out according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and it was approved by the Ethics Committee at Ramón Llull University. All protocols applied in this research (including the management of the personal data of the participants) complied with the requirements specified in the Declaration of Helsinki of 1975 and its subsequent revisions.
The specific DT program is aimed at physically active people between 8 and 15 years old who train at the center in maintenance classes for the elderly and aim to improve their quality of life and keep them active for the functionality of their daily lives. All the study participants will be asked to sign an informed consent document that will be drafted in keeping with all applicable research ethics protocols, including a guarantee of the confidentiality of personal data and an assurance that participants can choose to abandon the study at any time.
Control group (CG), experimental group (EG) and pre-test, post-test methodology was selected. EG performed the specific DT while CG carried out the motor training.
The motor-cognitive intervention will be carried out over one year in the years (2019-2020). The first 3 months allowed investigators to recruit the participants and and observe the training sessions that the subjects did in the center. After this, the researchers designed an intervention that complemented the training that the subjects had previously carried out and were specific training for the study objectives.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 85 Years（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Physically active older adults
排除标准
- •Clinical disability for physical activity
- •Neurological condition such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease
- •Subjected to drug treatments that alter the normal functioning of the nervous system
- •Recent lower limb joint replacement surgery (12 months before testing)
结局指标
主要结局
Cognitive results
时间窗: Up to 8 weeks
Change from pre-test to post-test in cognitive results The cognitive task came from the subscale called "categorical evocation in associations", which is found within the battery of subscales of the Revised Barcelona Test (Peña-Casanova, 2005). The task consisted of mentioning the maximum number of possible words for 30 seconds belonging to the same semantic field. The semantic fields chosen were the following: 1. Animals; 2.Fruit; 3. Cities; 4. Parts of the body; 5. Garments; 6.Meals; 7. Countries; 8.Colors; 9. Names of women; 10. Names of men. The score obtained depends on the number of words remembered, scoring a point for each of them. No points were added to repeated words or synonyms (Peña-Casanova, 2005). To quantify the total number of words that the subjects said, they were recorded and once the tests were finished, the total of words mentioned in each repetition were counted.
Proprioception results
时间窗: Up to 8 weeks
Change from pre-test to post-test in proprioception results. The AEr45º in the dominant leg was recorded. This measurement was taken using the Goniometer Pro mobile app (2.9, 5Fuf5 co, Bloomfield, NJ, United States). It provides instantaneous, accurate, repeatable readings of the range of movement (ROM), measuring the difference between the required knee angle and the position that is observed (Mourcou et al., 2016). During the test, participant close their eyes, placed their knees at a 45º angle and maintain this position for six seconds and return to the original standing position. Afterwards they were told to bend their knees again until they had returned to exactly the same position the researcher had placed them in (i.e. 45º). In order to quantify conscious proprioception the absolute value of the difference between the requested (45º) and the actual angle was recorded to determine the participant's joint repositioning ability.
Motor control results
时间窗: Up to 8 weeks
Change from pre-test to post-test in motor control results. The bipedal and unipodal Romberg Test was performed to evaluate the balance of the subjects. Variants of open and closed eyes were applied for the bipedal test and dominance for the unipedal test, in order to find more difference between groups. These tests were performed on a force platform, considered a gold standard tool for the analysis of postural balance deficits, using valid parameters and confidence stabilometry measures. The recorded values were the area of the ellipse and the mean velocity in the anterior-posterior (MVAP) and medial-lateral (MVML) directions. While the area of the ellipse acts as an indicator of postural control performance, MVAP and MVML readings provide information on the neuromuscular activity used to maintain postural control (Frederic Noé \& Paillard, 2005). For all these variables, lower scores indicate better performance on tasks.
次要结局
- Cognitive Reserve Results(Only measured at the beginning of the intervention)
研究者
Jose Morales
Principal investigator
University Ramon Llull