Usefulness of Lung Ultrasound for the Detection of Volume Overload in Patients With Severe Preeclampsia

This research aims to evaluate the usefulness of lung ultrasound (LUS) for detecting and monitoring fluid overload in patients with severe preeclampsia. Severe preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal death and illness worldwide, often causing fluid buildup that can lead to a serious complication called pulmonary edema, especially after delivery.

The study will be a prospective, longitudinal observational study with a diagnostic validation component. It will involve patients with a diagnosis of severe preeclampsia who meet specific inclusion criteria. Each participant will undergo a clinical exam and a lung ultrasound, which will assess eight zones of the lungs. The total number of B-lines-a sign of interstitial edema-will be documented.

Data will be collected at three key times: upon admission, in the immediate postpartum period (within 24 hours of delivery), and 7-10 days postpartum. The results from the LUS will be compared to clinical signs like shortness of breath, rapid breathing, crackling sounds in the lungs, and oxygen saturation levels.

The expected impact of this research is to provide evidence that LUS is a valuable, non-invasive, and accessible tool for the early detection of pulmonary congestion in patients with severe preeclampsia. This could lead to improved clinical decision-making and a reduction in maternal respiratory complications.