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Interest of PET-MRI in the Evaluation of the Response After Neoadjuvant Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma

Recruiting
Conditions
Rectal Cancer
Interventions
Other: PET-MRI
Registration Number
NCT05772481
Lead Sponsor
Institut de cancérologie Strasbourg Europe
Brief Summary

With 50 patients included, this trial would be the largest pilot study evaluating the value of MRI PET in locally advanced rectal cancer. On the other hand, it would be the only pilot study performing several MRI PET during neoadjuvant treatment. Presumably, the response assessed at the 2nd MRI PET (before cycle 4 or induction chemotherapy) would be predictive of the overall response at the end of neoadjuvant treatment. Then, it would be possible to predict precociously the tumor response.

Detailed Description

The management of localized rectal cancer is done in two phases. The first phase, medical, combines a possible first chemotherapy, followed by a concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The second phase, 6 to 8 weeks later, consists of surgery of the rectum.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis allows staging of the tumor and its possible lymph node extensions. MRI can also be used to assess tumor response after the first phase of treatment and before surgery. But MRI of the pelvis is partially imperfect.

PET-MRI is an examination that combines MRI with an injection of \[18 F\]fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). It is known to be more sensitive in assessing tumor stage and lymph node extensions compared to MRI and more sensitive in assessing tumor response before surgery.

The aim of this study is to determine predictive parameters for response to the first phase of treatment by accurately identifying the characteristics of tumors that have responded or not to treatment with chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
50
Inclusion Criteria
  • World Health Organization (WHO)/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0 to 2
  • Histologically proven rectal cancer
  • clinical tumor classification (cT) : cT3 - cT4 or all T / N+ / M0
  • Tumor resectable or considered resectable after chemoradiotherapy
  • Decision chemotherapy followed by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy decided at the organ Multidisciplinary Meeting
  • Absence of distant metastases
  • Adequate contraception for women of childbearing potential
  • Adequate hematologic function
  • Adequate liver function
  • Free, signed and informed consent
  • For women of childbearing potential : negative pregnancy test
Exclusion Criteria
  • Subject with Uncontrolled diabetes
  • Contraindication to surgery
  • Contraindication to MRI
  • Contraindication to PET scan
  • Contraindication to chemotherapy
  • History of pelvic radiotherapy
  • History of major co-morbidity that may prevent treatment and no active infection (HIV or chronic hepatitis B or C)
  • Hypofractionated radiotherapy according to the Swedish protocol (25 Gy in 5 fractions)
  • Colloid (mucinous) adenocarcinoma
  • Presence of distant metastases
  • Contraindication to 5-FluoroUracil (FU), oxaliplatin or irinotecan
  • History of known Gilbert's disease
  • Patient with known UGT1A1 genotype
  • Known Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
  • Medical history of chronic diarrhea or inflammatory disease of the colon or rectum
  • Medical history of angina or myocardial infarction.
  • Active progressive infection or any other serious medical condition that could compromise the administration of the treatment
  • Other concurrent cancer, or medical history of cancer other than treated in situ cervical carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma
  • Patient enrolled in another clinical trial testing an investigational agent
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding woman
  • Persons deprived of their freedom or under guardianship or incapable of giving consent
  • Any psychological, familial, sociological or geographic condition that may interfere with the study protocol or follow-up schedule

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Adult population with rectal cancerPET-MRI-
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Description of the correlation between the PET-MRI changes after neo-adjuvant treatment and the histological response after surgery in terms of MRI criteria.At the surgery

MRI criteria will be measured with the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values that will be determined on the 4 PET-MRI scans.

Description of the correlation between the PET-MRI changes after neo-adjuvant treatment and the histological response after surgery in terms of metabolic criteria.At the surgery

The purpose of this study is to determine predictive parameters for response to the first phase of treatment by accurately identifying the characteristics of tumors that have responded or not to chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy.

Metabolic criteria will be measured with the SUVmax values that will be determined on the 4 PET-MRI scans.

Description of the correlation between the PET-MRI changes after neo-adjuvant treatment and the histological response after surgery in terms of anatomopathological criteria.At the surgery

Anatomopathological criteria will be measured with the histopathological response to treatment which will be defined according to the tumor regression grade (TRG)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Description of the specific PET-MRI responses at mid-treatment of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of delta ADC valuesAt the 2nd PET (PET2), up to 28 months

Record of delta ADC, compared to baseline (PET MRI 1)

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of delta SUVmax valuesAt the 3rd PET (PET3), up to 28 months

Record of delta SUVmax, compared to baseline (PET MRI 1)

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses at mid-treatment of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of delta SUVmax valuesAt the 2nd PET (PET2), up to 28 months

Record of delta SUVmax, compared to baseline (PET MRI 1)

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of delta ADC valuesAt the 3rd PET (PET3), up to 28 months

Record of delta ADC, compared to baseline (PET MRI 1)

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in terms of delta SUVmax valuesAt the 4th PET (PET4), up to 28 months

Record of delta SUVmax, compared to PET3

Propose standardized criteria to differentiate responders from non-respondersData record throughout the study, up to 28 months

Record of clinical and iconographic data predictive of good response to treatment

Comparison of the first PET-MRI staging with standard of care imaging, namely pelvic MRI in terms of tumor volumesAt the PET MRI pretherapy (= PET MRI 1)

Record of tumor volumes on MRI PET 1

Comparison of the first PET-MRI staging with standard of care imaging, namely pelvic MRI in terms of SUVmax valuesAt the PET MRI pretherapy (= PET MRI 1)

Record of SUVmax on MRI PET 1

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in terms of delta ADC valuesAt the 4th PET (PET4), up to 28 months

Record of delta ADC, compared to PET3

Comparison of the first PET-MRI staging with standard of care imaging, namely pelvic MRI in terms of ADC valuesAt the PET MRI pretherapy (= PET MRI 1)

Record of ADC on MRI PET 1

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses at mid-treatment of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of delta tumor volumeAt the 2nd PET (PET2), up to 28 months

Record of delta tumor volume, compared to baseline (PET MRI 1)

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of delta tumor volumeAt the 3rd PET (PET3), up to 28 months

Record of delta tumor volume, compared to baseline (PET MRI 1)

Description of the specific PET-MRI responses to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in terms of delta tumor volumeAt the 4th PET (PET4), up to 28 months

Record of delta tumor volume, compared to PET3

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Institut de cancérologie Strasbourg Europe

🇫🇷

Strasbourg, France

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