Comparative Effects of Core Stabilization Exercises and Kinesthetic Training in Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 32
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Balance Control is measured using the PBBS to evaluate both static and dynamic postural stability.
研究概览
简要总结
This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of core stabilization exercises (CSE) and kinesthetic training (KT) on postural control in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (GMFCS Level III), aged 4-8 years. Cerebral palsy was recognized as a non-progressive neurological disorder that affects movement, posture, and motor function, often leading to impaired balance, reduced trunk control, and decreased functional independence. Postural instability was identified as a key concern in diplegic CP, and effective rehabilitation strategies were considered essential to improve mobility and daily functioning. Core stabilization exercises focused on strengthening deep trunk muscles to enhance stability and alignment, whereas kinesthetic training emphasized proprioceptive awareness and neuromuscular coordination to improve movement accuracy and balance. Although both interventions had shown benefits individually, their comparative effectiveness remained unclear.
A total of 32 participants were recruited using purposive sampling and were randomly assigned into two groups: CSE (n=16) and KT (n=16). Both groups received conventional physiotherapy for 15 minutes followed by 30 minutes of their respective interventions, three times per week for 12 weeks. Outcome assessment was conducted at baseline, mid-intervention (6 weeks), and post-intervention (12 weeks) using the Pediatric Berg Balance Scale (PBBS) to evaluate static and dynamic balance. Data were analyzed using SPSS, applying paired t-tests for within-group comparisons and independent t-tests for between-group analysis, with significance set at p < 0.05. This study aimed to determine the more effective intervention for improving balance and functional outcomes, thereby supporting evidence-based clinical practice in pediatric rehabilitation.
A total of 32 participants will be recruited using purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two groups: CSE (n=16) and KT (n=16). Both groups will receive conventional physiotherapy for 15 minutes followed by 30 minutes of their respective interventions, three times per week for 12 weeks. Outcome assessment will be conducted at baseline, mid-intervention (6 weeks), and post-intervention (12 weeks) using the Pediatric Berg Balance Scale (PBBS) to evaluate static and dynamic balance. Data will be analyzed using SPSS, applying paired t-tests for within-group comparisons and independent t-tests for between-group analysis, with significance set at p < 0.05. This study aims to determine the more effective intervention for improving balance and functional outcomes, thereby supporting evidence-based clinical practice in pediatric rehabilitation.
详细描述
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effects of core stabilization exercises (CSE) and kinesthetic training (KT) on postural control in children diagnosed with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy classified at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level III, aged between 4 and 8 years. Children within this classification typically demonstrated limitations in independent mobility and required assistive devices for ambulation, with notable impairments in trunk control and balance.
Postural instability in this population was identified as a major contributor to functional limitations, affecting activities such as sitting, standing, and transitional movements. Impaired trunk stability and reduced proprioceptive input were considered key factors influencing balance deficits. Therefore, targeted interventions focusing on trunk control and sensory-motor integration were explored to enhance postural regulation and functional independence.
Core stabilization exercises were implemented with the aim of improving activation, strength, and endurance of deep trunk musculature, including the transversus abdominis, multifidus, and pelvic stabilizers. These exercises emphasized controlled movements, alignment, and postural symmetry in various positions such as supine, sitting, and supported standing. Progression was based on the child's ability to maintain stability with reduced external support.
Kinesthetic training was designed to enhance proprioceptive awareness, joint position sense, and neuromuscular coordination. Activities included weight-shifting, balance challenges on stable and unstable surfaces, guided movement tasks, and functional reaching exercises. The intervention focused on improving the child's ability to perceive and adjust body position in space, thereby facilitating better motor control and balance responses.
Participants were recruited through purposive sampling from pediatric rehabilitation settings and were randomly allocated into two intervention groups using a simple randomization method. Each group consisted of 16 participants. Both groups received a standardized conventional physiotherapy program to ensure consistency in baseline care. This included stretching of spastic muscle groups, range-of-motion exercises, and facilitation of functional movements.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 5 Years 至 12 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Spastic diplegic CP
- •GMFCS Level III
- •Age range: 4 to 8 years
- •Must have verbal communication
- •Ability to follow verbal commands
排除标准
- •Severe cognitive impairment
- •History of epilepsy or seizures in the past 3 months.
- •Children with progressive neurological or genetic disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy).
- •Any acute respiratory infection or chronic pulmonary disease
- •Any visual or auditory impairments
研究组 & 干预措施
Core Stabilization Group
Participants in this group received a core stabilization exercise program focusing on deep abdominal and back muscles. The protocol included the plank, bird-dog, and dead bug exercises, which were performed three times per week for four weeks.
干预措施: Core Stabilization Exercises (Other)
Kinesthetic Training Group
Participants in this group underwent kinesthetic training aimed at improving proprioception and joint position sense. This included weight-shifting and balance activities on stable and unstable surfaces, which were performed three times per week for four weeks.
干预措施: Kinesthetic Training (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Balance Control is measured using the PBBS to evaluate both static and dynamic postural stability.
时间窗: 6 months
The Pediatric Berg Balance Scale (PBBS) is a standardized clinical assessment used to measure functional balance and postural control in children with motor challenges. It consists of 14 distinct tasks that mimic activities of daily living, including the ability to sit and stand without support, transfer between chairs, reach forward, and pick up objects from the floor. Each task is evaluated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 4, where a higher score reflects a greater level of independence and stability. With a maximum total score of 56, the PBBS serves as a reliable tool for tracking a child's progress over time and determining the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. In this clinical trial, the scale is utilized at baseline, week 6, and week 12 to provide a clear quantitative record of the participant's balance improvements.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Nabisha Yaseen
Student
University of Lahore