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Building a Novel Antibiotic Stewardship Intervention for Nursing Homes

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Antibiotics
Interventions
Behavioral: OASIS Collaborative
Registration Number
NCT02874872
Lead Sponsor
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Brief Summary

The OASIS Collaborative is an organizational intervention aimed at reducing unnecessary antibiotic use in skilled nursing facilities. The first target of intervention is the tasks carried out by nursing staff after a change in condition and after an antibiotic prescription is initiated. The second target are the management staff who provide feedback to staff. The third target are the administrators who identify and overcome organizational barriers to implementation.

In this study, we will implement two tools that are intended to minimize unnecessary antibiotic use in skilled nursing facilities. The first tool helps skilled nursing facility staff assess risk and communicate with prescribers when residents experience a change in health status that may result in the use of antibiotics. The second tool is used after an antibiotic is prescribed; the tool streamlines reassessment of the patient, and provides prescribers the opportunity to consider stopping unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, narrowing the spectrum of antibiotic therapy, or shortening the duration of antibiotic therapy.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
2942
Inclusion Criteria
  • Any nursing home resident who has received antibiotic therapy in any of the 12 participating nursing home facilities.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Nursing home residents who have not received antibiotic therapy in any of the 12 participating nursing home facilities.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
OASIS CollaborativeOASIS CollaborativeThe nursing homes in this arm will receive facilitated implementation of two tools aimed at minimizing unnecessary antibiotic use. Facilitated implementation includes coaching of the nursing home staff on use of the tools. In addition, nursing home management will be coached on how to monitor implementation fidelity, antibiotic utilization, and consequences to over- and under-utilization of antibiotics as feedback on the effectiveness of the intervention. Finally, nursing home management will receive coaching on how to develop and implement a sustain plan for the OASIS intervention.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Days of Antibiotic Therapy (DOT)/1000 resident daysup to 12 months

Utilization of antibiotics initiated in the nursing home, defined as the number of days a nursing home resident receives antibiotic therapy.

This measure includes antibiotic courses initiated 1) in the nursing home or 2) Emergency Department, if the resident returned to the nursing home without intercurrent hospitalization. This measure excludes antibiotic courses started during a hospital stay and continued in the nursing home after discharge.

Proportion of Antibiotic Starts meeting Loeb Criteriaup to 12 months

Defined as the proportion of antibiotic courses started in the nursing home or Emergency department that satisfy the Loeb minimum criteria for initiation of antibiotics.

This measure includes antibiotic courses initiated 1) in the nursing home or 2) Emergency Department, if the resident returned to the nursing home without intercurrent hospitalization. This measure excludes antibiotic courses started during a hospital stay and continued in the nursing home after discharge.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Fluoroquinolone Days of Therapy (FQD)/1000 resident daysup to 12 months pre-implementation and up to 12 months post-implementation

Defined as the number of days a nursing home resident receives fluoroquinolone therapy.

This measure includes antibiotic courses initiated 1) in the nursing home or 2) Emergency Department, if the resident returned to the nursing home without intercurrent hospitalization. This measure excludes antibiotic courses started during a hospital stay and continued in the nursing home after discharge.

Incidence of C.diff infection/1000 resident daysup to 12 months pre-implementation and up to 12 months post-implementation

Defined as the number of positive C. difficile tests per 1000 resident days

Fluoroquinolone resistanceup to 12 months pre-implementation and up to 12 months post-implementation

Defined as the proportion of urine cultures that grow bacteria that are resistant to fluoroquinolone antibiotics.

Positive Enterococcus speciesup to 12 months pre-implementation and up to 12 months post-implementation

Defined as the proportion of urine cultures that grow Enterococcus species

Positive Candida speciesup to 12 months pre-implementation and up to 12 months post-implementation

Defined as the proportion of urine cultures that grow Candida species

Incidence of antibiotic starts/1000 resident daysup to 12 months pre-implementation and up to 12 months post-implementation

Defined as the number of antibiotic courses started per 1000 resident days.

This measure includes antibiotic courses initiated 1) in the nursing home or 2) Emergency Department, if the resident returned to the nursing home without intercurrent hospitalization. This measure excludes antibiotic courses started during a hospital stay and continued in the nursing home after discharge.

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