Analysis of the Effects of Phototherapy With Light-emitting Diodes (LED) and Electrical Stimulation in the Healing of Ulcers of Lower Diabetic Limbs: a Blind Controlled Randomized Clinical Test

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease currently considered a worldwide epidemic and has become a major public health problem. One of the important complications of DM is the diabetic foot that may present ulcers, which result from multiple risk factors, being diabetic peripheral neuropathy and ischemia due to peripheral vascular disease considered the main causes. In this way, the ulcers of the lower extremities of diabetics, have a complex and long healing process, as they present a reduction in the angiogenic response and deficiency of growth factors, making difficult the action of conventional treatments. The treatment of chronic wounds is challenging, the diversity of treatments is great, however the search for new modalities of effective, scientifically proven and financially viable therapeutic resources that are available and readily accessible to clinical practice is still desirable. Objective: To evaluate the responses of phototherapy with light emitting diodes (LED) and electrical stimulation with the fixed diphasic current (DF) in diabetic patient ulcers. METHODS: Diabetic volunteers of both genders, aged 30 to 65 years, who present chronic skin ulcers grade I or II will also be randomized (n = 13) in: Treatment group with LED 620 nm (G-LED 620) , Treatment group with LED 940 nm (G-LED 940), Treatment group with fixed diphasic current (G-DF) and Control group (GC). Interventions will occur three times a week for 12 weeks. The evaluations will take place on the pre-intervention day 1, 30, 60 and 90 days, followed by follow-up after 30 days of the end of the treatment, through the following instruments: numerical scale of pain, digital photography, infrared thermography, digital analgesimeter, Digital durometer, infrared plethysmography and bioimpedance. Statistical analysis: To analyze the data, normality test will be used to verify the distribution of the data and adequate statistical test for the appropriate inter- and intragroup comparisons, being thus considered two factors in the comparisons, time and group. A significance level of 5% will be adopted.