Effect of Jarlsberg Cheese Compared to Cheese Without Vitamin K2 Regarding Increased Osteocalcin Level in Healthy Women

The recruited HV women fulfilled the inclusion without the exclusion criteria for the study will undergo a screening clinical investigation. The participants will be asked to avoid use of other cheese than the one allocated to in the study, but eat as usual. One week later, the first clinical investigation in the study will take place including blood sampling and measurement of vital signs. The HV women verified to fulfil the criteria for participation and signed the informed consent form will be included in the study. During this first clinical investigation in the study denoted as Day 0, the participants receive a study identification number. The HV will randomly be allocated to either daily intake of Jarlsberg cheese or Camembert cheese. The daily intake of cheese will be 57g/day in both study groups.

The participants meet for new clinical investigations every third week with measurement of vital signs and blood sampling. Osteocalcin and vitamin K will be analysed every third week whereas the haematological and biochemical analysis will be performed every six week.

The HVs allocated to Camembert cheese will after 6 weeks be switched to daily intake of Jarlsberg cheese in additional 6 weeks with clinical investigations every third week. The participants performed the 6 weeks of daily intake of Jarlsberg cheese will either be offered participation in the cheese de-escalation study (HV-Jarlsberg/IB) or an extended study of 6 weeks with unchanged Jarlsberg cheese dose. HVs with an increase <10% in the osteocalcin level from screening to 6 weeks of Jarlsberg cheese intake will not be offered included in the de-escalation study. The first 12 HVs finalized 6 weeks with daily intake of Jarlsberg cheese obtaining an increase in the osteocalcin level from baseline ≥10% will be allocated to the de-escalation study HV-Jarlsberg/IB (separate protocol). The HVs included in the extended part of this study will receive an unchanged daily dose of Jarlsberg cheese for additional 6 weeks with clinical investigation every third week. The HVs switched to Jarlsberg cheese may be offered participation in a study part aiming to verify the maintaining dose obtained in HV-Jarlsberg/IB study. The duration of this part will be 6 weeks with clinical investigation every third week.

The main variable in this study will be osteocalcin measured in blood serum. Additionally, carboxylated and under carboxylated Osteocalcin and the ratio OR = [Carboxylated / Under Carboxylated] osteocalcin in serum will be central together the K2 variants MK-7, 8, 9, 9(4H) and vitamin K1. Triglyceride, LDL- and HDL cholesterol, vitamin D and vital signs will be secondary variables. As safety variables, haematological- and biochemical variables and adverse events (AE) will be recorded at each visit.Totally 64 HVs completing the study will be recruited from the eight participating General Practitioners sites.