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Neurophysiological Marker of ADHD in Children

Completed
Conditions
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Psychiatric Diagnosis
Diagnosis, Psychiatric
Interventions
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography absolute delta power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography relative delta power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography absolute theta power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography relative theta power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography absolute slow alpha power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography relative slow alpha power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography absolute fast alpha power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography relative fast alpha power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography absolute beta power
Diagnostic Test: electroencephalography relative beta power
Diagnostic Test: Korean ADHD rating scale
Diagnostic Test: Korean Version of Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV
Registration Number
NCT04467658
Lead Sponsor
Daegu Catholic University Medical Center
Brief Summary

This study investigated quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) subtypes as auxiliary tools to assess Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Patient assessed using the Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV and were assigned to one of three groups: ADHD, ADHD-Not Otherwise specified (NOS), and Neurotypical (NT). The investigators measure absolute and relative EEG power in 19 channels and conducted an auditory continuous performance test. The investigators analyzed QEEG according to the frequency range: delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), slow alpha (8-10 Hz), fast alpha (10-13.5 Hz), and beta (13.5-30 Hz). The subjects were then grouped by Ward's method of cluster analysis using the squared Euclidian distance to measure dissimilarities.

Detailed Description

Participants between 7 and 12 years of age diagnosed with ADHD according to the DSM-5 criteria were included in the study. The ADHD diagnosis was based on a Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (DISC-IV), which is a structured interview tool, and these diagnoses were confirmed by multiple child and adolescent psychiatrists. If participants did not meet the ADHD diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV and DISC-IV, they were assigned to the Neurotypical (NT) group. Based on the results of the DISC-IV test, participants were assigned to the ADHD or Non-Other Specified (NOS) group. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria of ADHD in DSM-IV, but whose score did not exceed six, and had a score of more than three in the attention deficit or hyperactivity/impactivity scale of DISC-IV were included in the NOS group. Children with a history of brain damage, neurological disorders, genetic disorders, substance dependence, epilepsy, or any other mental disorder were excluded from participation. Children with an IQ of 70 or lower according to the Korean-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Fourth Edition) or who were receiving drug treatment were also excluded from this study. The EEG recordings were performed using a SynAmps2 direct-current (DC) amplifier and a 10-20 layout 64-channel Quick-Cap electrode-placement system (Neuroscan Inc., NC, USA). The EEG data were digitally recorded from 19 gold cup electrodes placed according to the international 10-20 system. The impedances were maintained below 5 kΩ, and the sampling rate was 1000 Hz. The investigators use the linked mastoid reference and two additional bipolar electrodes to measure horizontal and vertical eye movements. During the recording, each participant laid in a dimly lit, electrically shielded, sound-attenuated room. Resting EEG recordings were recorded after three minutes with the participants' eyes closed.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
140
Inclusion Criteria
  • Participants between 7 and 12 years of age diagnosed with ADHD according to the DSM-5 criteria were included in the study
Exclusion Criteria
  • Children with a history of brain damage, neurological disorders, genetic disorders, substance dependence, epilepsy, or any other mental disorder were excluded from participation.
  • Children with an IQ of 70 or lower according to the Korean-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Fourth Edition) or who were receiving drug treatment were also excluded from this study

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
ADHDelectroencephalography relative theta power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography absolute delta power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography relative theta power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography relative delta power-
ADHDelectroencephalography absolute slow alpha power-
NT NeuroTypicalKorean Version of Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography relative theta power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography absolute fast alpha power-
ADHDelectroencephalography relative slow alpha power-
ADHDelectroencephalography relative fast alpha power-
ADHDelectroencephalography absolute beta power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography relative delta power-
ADHDelectroencephalography absolute delta power-
ADHDelectroencephalography absolute theta power-
ADHDelectroencephalography absolute fast alpha power-
ADHDelectroencephalography relative beta power-
ADHDelectroencephalography relative delta power-
ADHDKorean ADHD rating scale-
ADHDKorean Version of Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography absolute theta power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography absolute beta power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography absolute delta power-
ADHD NOSKorean Version of Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography absolute slow alpha power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography relative slow alpha power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography absolute fast alpha power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography relative fast alpha power-
NT NeuroTypicalelectroencephalography relative beta power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography relative slow alpha power-
NT NeuroTypicalKorean ADHD rating scale-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography absolute slow alpha power-
ADHD NOSKorean ADHD rating scale-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography absolute theta power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography absolute beta power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography relative fast alpha power-
ADHD NOSelectroencephalography relative beta power-
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
QEEG topographical plots of the results of the statistical comparisons to normative values (z-scores) using Neuroguide softwarethrough study completion, an average of 1 year

The investigators measures QEEG on first outpatient clinic and conduct topography for mapping

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Daegu Catholic University Medical Center

🇰🇷

Daegu, Nam-gu, Korea, Republic of

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