Telbivudine or Tenofovir Treatment in HBeAg-negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Based on the Roadmap Concept

Phase 4

Completed

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety following the Roadmap Concept strategy with an initial monotherapy using either telbivudine or tenofovir in HBeAg negative CHB patients. The data from the study should allow for the validation of the Roadmap concept in a prospective manner, for both telbivudine and tenofovir treated HBeAg negative CHB patients. As part of a post-approval commitment to the European Health Authorities, the data will also be used to provide an optimized clinical treatment strategy for better clinical use of telbivudine in European HBeAg negative patients. Furthermore, the data from the study will contribute to a better scientific understanding, disease management and treatment of HBeAg negative CHB patients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Male or female, at least 18 years of age

Documented compensated HBeAg negative CHB defined by all of the following:

Detectable serum HBsAg at screening visit and at least 6 months prior;
HBeAg negative at the screening visit with positive HBeAb;
Serum HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL Serum ALT level > 1×ULN and <10×ULN at screening visit; patient with normal ALT ≤1xULN at screening are eligible, with moderate liver inflammation or fibrosis, complensated liver sirrhosis, ALT level >1xULN wtihin last 6 months

Exclusion Criteria

Co-infected with HCV, HDV or HIV.
Received treatment of nucleoside or nucleotide drugs at any time
Received IFN or other immunomodulatory treatment within six months before Screening
Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women
Clinical signs/symptoms of hepatic decompensation
History of myopathy, myositis or persistent muscle weakness
history of clinical and laboratory evidence of chronic renal insufficency

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
telbivudine	telbivudine	telbivudine 600 mg tablet orally (p.o.) once daily for up to 156 weeks. Patients with HBV DNA ≥ 300 copies/mL at Week 24 were to initiate add-on therapy with tenofovir 300 mg tablets p.o. once daily for the remaining weeks of treatment. The investigator was to initiate tenofovir add-on therapy within 2 weeks of central laboratory confirmation. Patients with HBV DNA \< 300 copies/mL at Week 24 were to continue to receive telbivudine monotherapy
tenofovir	tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	tenofovir 300 mg tablets p.o. once daily for up to 156 weeks. Patients with HBV DNA ≥ 300 copies/mL at Week 24 were to initiate add-on therapy with telbivudine 600 mg tablet p.o. once daily for the remaining weeks of treatment. The investigator was to initiate telbivudine add-on therapy within 2 weeks of central laboratory confirmation. Patients with HBV DNA \< 300 copies/mL at Week 24 were to continue to receive tenofovir monotherapy

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants Achieving HBV DNA < 300 Copies/mL (51 IU/mL) at Week 52 (rITT Population) -	week 52	The primary objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of Roadmap-Concept-based telbivudine treatment versus Roadmap-Concept-based tenofovir treatment in HBeAg-negative CHB patients. The rate of HBV DNA \< 300 copies/mL (51 IU/mL) at week 52 will be used for the comparison of the efficacy. The hypothesis is that the aggregated rate of HBV DNA \< 300 copies/mL (51 IU/mL) at week 52 of Telbivudine (ARM 1) is non-inferior to Tenofovir (ARM 2). For the "treating missing as failure" analysis, patients who came for their primary endpoint Week 52 visit within the ± 7-day window but not on the exact designated day of the visit were treated as "missing data."

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Patients Achieving Secondary Efficacy Endpoints (rITT)	week 24, 52, 104	To assess the antiviral efficacy, as evaluated by the percentage of patients achieving HBV DNA \<300 copies/mL (51 IU/mL), ALT normalization, HBsAg loss, HBsAg conversion, virologic breakthrough (VB) at study visit, cumulative VB by study defined study period, cumulative treatment-emergent resistance
Percentage of Participants Achieving Secondary Efficacy Endpoints at Week 156 (mITT)	156 weeks	To assess the antiviral efficacy, as evaluated by the percentage of patients achieving HBV DNA \<300 copies/mL (51 IU/mL) at Week156, ALT normalization, HBsAg loss, development of HBsAg conversion , cumulative tx emergent resistance, HBV DNA \<300 copies/mL with HBV DNA \<7 log at Baseline
eGFR Change From Baseline in Telbivudine Arm vs Tenofovir Arm Over the Course of the Study	Baseline, 24 weeks, 52 weeks, 104 weeks, 156 weeks	eGFR changes were calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula: GFR = 186 x (sCr)\^(-1.154) x (age)\^-0.203 with Female: Multiply GFR by 0.742; Black: Multiply GFR by 1.210. sCr is Serum Creatinine in mg/dl (measured at each scheduled visit). Age in years at visit (=\[sCr sample collection date -Date of birth\]/365.25). Weight in kilograms, as measured at the visit or the closest previous visit Safety population.