Lifestyle and diet patterns of patients with poly cystic ovarian syndrome attending tertiary care hospital, Rajahmundry

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial disorder and different genetic, hormonal, and environmental etiology can contribute to its pathology (1). The diagnosis of PCOS in women is usually according to Rotterdam criteria, which is based on having at least two of three characteristics of oligo-ovulation/ anovulation, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries using ultrasonographic images (2). Many hypotheses about the pathophysiology of PCOS that have been explained so far, include: resistant to rupture of follicles due to shell thickness, ovarian hyperandrogenism, luteinizing hormone (LH) hypersecretion, hyperinsulinemia, and impaired ovarian follicular development due to increased follicular development blocker paracrine factors, such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (3). The causes of any of these abnormalities may be due to genetic factors that are commonly found in homozygous twins studies or due to metabolic, hormonal, nutritional or even toxic changes during embryonic development and in early stages of female gonad differentiation (4). But still, the exact origin of each abnormality is unclear. Several observations show that the interaction of several genetic factors and environmental factors are necessary for PCOS development.

References

1. De Leo V, Musacchio M, Cappelli V, Massaro M, Morgante G,Petraglia F. Genetic, hormonal and metabolic aspects of PCOS:an update. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016;14:38-54.

2. Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnosticcriteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovarysyndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2004;19:41-47.

3. Fenichel P, Rougier C, Hieronimus S, Chevalier N. Whichorigin for polycystic ovaries syndrome: Genetic, environmentalor both? Ann Endocrinol 2017;78:176-185.

4. Deligeoroglou E, Kouskouti C, Christopoulos P. The role ofgenes in the polycystic ovary syndrome: predisposition andmechanisms. Gynecol Endocrinol 2009;25:603-609.