The Effect of Constructing Virtual Patient Cases

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Healthy
• Interventions: Other: Solving VP cases; Other: Constructing VP cases

• Registration Number: NCT02400606
• Lead Sponsor: Rigshospitalet, Denmark

Brief Summary

The aim of the study was to explore the effect of actively constructing Virtual patient (VP) cases compared with solving VP cases using 'Web-SP', Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden on knowledge gains and skills transfer in a group of pre-clerkship medical students.

Detailed Description

Solving VP cases is associated with large improvements in learning but its effectiveness is dependent on active student involvement. Constructing VP cases rather than solving them may engage students more actively in encoding new information and integrating it with previous knowledge.

Fourth-year medical students were included and randomized to constructing (intervention) or solving (control) four cardiopulmonary VP cases. The participants were presented with a short case overview. The control group solved the cases, whereas the intervention group also received the final diagnosis and had to complete the history, physical findings, and lab results. After a week, participants completed a transfer test involving two standardized patients presenting a respiratory case and a cardiology case, respectively. Performances were video-recorded and subsequently assessed by two blinded raters using the Reporter-Interpreter- Manager-Educator (RIME) framework. Knowledge gains were assessed using a pre- and post-test of a 95-item Multiple-Response-Questionnaire (MRQ).

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2013-01
• Primary Completion: 2013-02
• Study Completion: 2013-05
• Status Verified: 2015-03
• Study First Submitted: 2015-03-17
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-03-26
• Last Update Submitted: 2015-03-26
• Study First Posted: 2015-03-27
• Last Update Posted: 2015-03-27

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 39

Inclusion Criteria

• fourth-year medical students, University of Copenhagen
• pre-study participation in the mandatory patient encounter skills course

Exclusion Criteria

• medical students who had taken the three pre-clerkship years at other universities, because of curriculum discrepancies

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control	Solving VP cases	The participants were presented with a short case overview introducing four cardiopulmonary VP cases to be solved, i.e. solving VP cases.
Intervention	Constructing VP cases	The intervention group were presented with a short case overview introducing four cardiopulmonary VP cases as well as the final diagnosis and had to complete the history, physical findings, and lab results, i.e. constructing VP cases.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Evaluation of the medical students' management of a simulated patient encounter using a RIME-structured scoring form	After working with the virtual patient cases for one week +/- 3 days	The scoring form includes assessment on the roles Reporter, Interpreter, Manager and Educators and has been validated for patient encounters like described below. The requirements for the RIME elements have been defined in with a cardiology professor and a consultant respiratory physician.; The medical students are exposed to two encounters with simulated patients after working with the virtual patients on their own. The students will obtain history and perform physical examination from the simulated patient for 15 minutes. The will be provided a journal form that can be quickly filled in, the patient encounter is video recorded. After this they have 20 minutes to write the journal in an electronic format.; The video recorded patient encounter and the journal will be assessed by two physicians who have experience in rating medical students performance with the scoring form, the raters are blinded for if the students belong to the intervention arm of the study or not.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Multiple Choice/Answers Questionnaire	When entering the study and after working with the virtual patient cases for one week +/- 3 days	A delta value for the medical students' knowledge of respiratory medicine and cardiology after working with the virtual patients will be obtained. The students have been taught respiratory medicine, but not cardiology. Half the virtual patient cases the students have been working with are on respiratory medicine and the other half are on cardiology.; The questionnaire has been checked by a cardiology professor and a consultant respiratory physician to ensure validity.