comparison of detection rate and ease of locating root canal orifices in primary molars using methylene blue dye versus ophthalmic dye an in vivo study

Accurate identification of root canal orifices is a crucial step in performing successful pulpectomy in primary molars, yet it is often challenging due to complex canal morphology, limited visibility, and behavioral constraints in pediatric patients. Diagnostic dyes have been proposed as useful adjuncts to enhance contrast and improve visualization during endodontic access. This randomized in vivo study aims to compare the effectiveness of two commonly used dyes—ophthalmic dye and methylene blue dye—in enhancing the detection of root canal orifices in primary molars of children aged 5–9 years. Eligible teeth requiring pulpectomy will be randomly assigned to either ophthalmic dye (Group I) or methylene blue dye (Group II) following standard access cavity preparation. The primary outcomes include the number of canal orifices successfully located and the operator-reported ease of detection using a standardized scoring scale. Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical tests such as chi-square and independent t-tests. The study seeks to determine whether ophthalmic dye provides comparable or improved visualization relative to methylene blue. Findings may support the use of these dyes as reliable, safe, and cost-effective adjuncts to improve accuracy and efficiency in pediatric endodontic procedures.