Carriere Motion Appliance* Versus In-office Sectional Appliance

Not Applicable

Terminated

Interventions: Other: In-office fabricated appliance
Device: Carriere Motion Appliance

Brief Summary: The "sagittal first" approach to Class II correction in orthodontic treatment involves correcting the antero-posterior (AP) relationship of the maxillary and mandibular dentition prior to the leveling and aligning phase of orthodontic treatment. The Carriere Motion Appliance (CMA) was made to provide sagittal correction prior to orthodontic treatment with minimal secondary tooth movements that are typically seen with Class II correction. The aim in this study is to explore the efficacy and efficiency of Class II molar correction in adolescent patients using the sagittal first approach with either a sectional, in-office fabricated appliance or the CMA, by measuring total treatment duration (in months) as well as comparing dental and skeletal measurements taken from lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained prior to Class II correction (T0) and immediately after removal of the appliance (T1). The investigators will also be comparing secondary molar and canine rotational movements after Class II correction by comparing digital dental casts obtained at T0 and T1.

Detailed Description: The investigators will be recruiting 12 to 17-year 11-month old patients with a Class II molar relationship,who are presenting for comprehensive orthodontic treatment at the Postgraduate orthodontic clinic at University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine. Recruited subjects will be randomized into one of 2 groups. Both groups will be receiving a method of Class II correction using the Sagittal First approach, which means the Class II molar relationship will be corrected prior to the leveling and aligning phase of orthodontic treatment. Subjects will be treated using either the Carriere Motion Appliance (CMA), or a sectional appliance fabricated with materials that are commonly found in orthodontic practice. Both appliances will be used according to the CMA guidelines. After Class II correction and removal of appliance, and prior to the next stage of treatment, an additional digital scan of the mouth and a lateral cephalometric radiograph will be taken. Dental and skeletal measurements from initial cephalometric radiographs and models will be subtracted from the corresponding measurements taken on radiographs and models obtained after Class II correction, and comparisons will be made between the two treatment treatment groups. Efficiency will be determined by number of months until Class II molar and canine correction was obtained, and efficacy will be determined by the skeletal and dental measurements obtained.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Males and Females
Presenting for comprehensive orthodontic treatment at the Postgraduate orthodontic clinic at the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine
Unilateral or bilateral ½-cusp to full-cusp Class II molar and canine relationship
Growing Patients (~12-17y 11m)
Subjects who do not require extractions as part of treatment mechanics
Mild to moderate crowding

Exclusion Criteria

Patients in mixed dentition
Any missing teeth up to and including permanent first molars
Bilateral molar relationship of less than ½ cusp Class II prior to appliance cementation

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
In-office fabricated appliance	In-office fabricated appliance	A customized in-office fabricated appliance using the printed digital model of the subject will be used for AP correction. AP correction will be completed following CMA protocol (see model description)
Carriere Motion Appliance	Carriere Motion Appliance	The appropriate length appliance will be placed as directed in the CMA handbook on the maxillary first molar and canine. AP correction will be completed following CMA protocol (see model description)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Total Treatment Time	From date of Class II correction appliance delivery to date of removal of Class II correction appliance after Class I molar and canine relationship has been established (approximately 120-180 days).	Months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Skeletal Changes	From date of Class II correction appliance delivery to date of removal of Class II correction appliance after Class I molar and canine relationship has been established (approximately 120-180 days).	Degrees, Millimeters
Dental Changes	From date of Class II correction appliance delivery to date of removal of Class II correction appliance after Class I molar and canine relationship has been established (approximately 120-180 days).	Degrees, Millimeters
Maxillary Canine and Maxillary First Molar Rotation	From date of Class II correction appliance delivery to date of removal of Class II correction appliance after Class I molar and canine relationship has been established (approximately 120-180 days).	Degrees