A Study Evaluating Escalating Doses of 90Y-DOTA-BC8 (Anti-CD45) Antibody Followed by Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Intervention
- Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Conditions
- Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Sponsor
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
- Enrollment
- 16
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- The MTD of Radiation Delivered Via 90Y-DOTA-BC8 When Combined With FLU and 2 Gy TBI as a Preparative Regimen for Patients Aged ≥ 18 With Advanced AML, ALL, and High-risk MDS.
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 6 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This phase I trial studies the side effects and maximum tolerated dose of yttrium Y 90 anti-cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) monoclonal antibody BC8 (90Y-BC8) followed by donor stem cell transplant in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) that is likely to come back or spread. Giving chemotherapy drugs, such as fludarabine phosphate (FLU), and total-body irradiation (TBI) before a donor peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) or bone marrow transplant helps stop the growth of cancer or abnormal cells and helps stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies, such as 90Y-BC8, can find cancer cells and carry cancer-killing substances to them without harming normal cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving FLU, 90Y-BC8, and TBI before the transplant together with cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil after the transplant may stop this from happening.
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of radiation delivered via 90Y-DOTA-BC8 (90Y-BC8) when combined with FLU and 2 Gy TBI as a preparative regimen for patients aged \>= 18 with advanced AML, ALL, and high-risk MDS. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine disease response and duration of remission. II. To determine the rates of engraftment and donor chimerism resulting from this combined preparative regimen, and to correlate level of donor chimerism with estimated radiation doses delivered to hematopoietic tissues via antibody. OUTLINE: PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12 and FLU intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo TBI followed by allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GRAFT-VS-HOST DISEASE (GVHD) PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil orally (PO) or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months, and then annually thereafter.
Investigators
Brenda Sandmaier
Principal Investigator
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Patients must have advanced AML, ALL or high-risk MDS meeting one of the following descriptions:
- •AML or ALL beyond first remission (i.e., having relapsed at least one time after achieving remission in response to a treatment regimen)
- •AML or ALL representing primary refractory disease (i.e., having failed to achieve remission at any time following one or more prior treatment regimens)
- •AML evolved from myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative syndromes; or
- •MDS expressed as refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) by French-American-British (FAB) criteria
- •Patients not in remission must have CD45-expressing leukemic blasts; patients in remission do not require phenotyping and may have leukemia previously documented to be CD45 negative (because in remission patients, virtually all antibody binding is to non-malignant cells which make up \>= 95% of nucleated cells in the marrow)
- •Patients should have a circulating blast count of less than 10,000/mm\^3 (control with hydroxyurea or similar agent is allowed)
- •Patients must have an estimated creatinine clearance greater than 50/ml per minute (serum creatinine value must be within 28 days prior to registration)
- •Bilirubin \< 2 times the upper limit of normal
- •Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) \< 2 times the upper limit of normal
Exclusion Criteria
- •Circulating human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA)
- •Prior radiation to maximally tolerated levels to any critical normal organ, or \> 20 Gy prior radiation to large areas of the bone marrow (e.g., external radiation therapy to whole pelvis)
- •Patients may not have symptomatic coronary artery disease and may not be on cardiac medications for anti-arrhythmic or inotropic effects
- •Left ventricular ejection fraction \< 35%
- •Corrected diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) \< 35% or receiving supplemental continuous oxygen
- •Liver abnormalities: fulminant liver failure, cirrhosis of the liver with evidence of portal hypertension, alcoholic hepatitis, esophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy, uncorrectable hepatic synthetic dysfunction as evidenced by prolongation of the prothrombin time, ascites related to portal hypertension, bacterial or fungal liver abscess, biliary obstruction, chronic viral hepatitis, or symptomatic biliary disease
- •Patients who are known to be seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- •Perceived inability to tolerate diagnostic or therapeutic procedures
- •Active central nervous system (CNS) leukemia at time of treatment
- •Women of childbearing potential who are pregnant (beta-human chorionic gonadotropin positive \[HCG+\]) or breast feeding
Arms & Interventions
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Cyclosporine
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Fludarabine Phosphate
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Indium In 111 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Mycophenolate Mofetil
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Pharmacological Study
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Total-Body Irradiation
Y-90-BC8 & Allogeneic Transplant
PREPARATIVE REGIMEN: Patients receive 90Y-BC8 via central line on approximately day -12, fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes on days -4 to -2, and 2 Gy TBI on day 0. TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic PBSC or bone marrow transplant on day 0. GVHD PROPHYLAXIS: Patients receive mycophenolate mofetil PO or IV every 12 hours on days 0-27 (for patients with related donors) or every 8 hours on days 0-40 with taper to day 96 (for patients with unrelated donors). Patients also receive cyclosporine PO or IV every 12 hours on days -3 to 56 (for patients with related donors) or 100 (for patients with unrelated donors) with taper to day 180.
Intervention: Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
The MTD of Radiation Delivered Via 90Y-DOTA-BC8 When Combined With FLU and 2 Gy TBI as a Preparative Regimen for Patients Aged ≥ 18 With Advanced AML, ALL, and High-risk MDS.
Time Frame: Within the first 30 days following transplant
The MTD will be defined as the dose that is associated with a true DLT rate of 25%. The highest dose achieved was 28 Gy but none of the patients experienced a DLT. Thus, the MTD was not reached.
Secondary Outcomes
- Achievement of Remission(4 weeks after transplant)
- Disease-free Survival(100 days after transplant)
- Duration of Remission(1 year)
- Estimation of Absorbed Radiation Doses to Normal Organs, Marrow and Tumor(Approximately day -20 to day -12 prior to transplant)
- Overall Survival(Up to 5 years)
- Rates of Acute GvHD(Up to 84 days post-transplant)
- Rates of Donor Chimerism(Up to 100 days post-transplant)
- Rates of Engraftment(Up to 84 days post-transplant)
- Rates of Non-relapse Mortality(Within the first 100 days following transplant)