Mitigating Suicide Risk With Single Session 'Brief Skills for Safer Living'
- Conditions
- Mental Health IssueDepressionSuicidal IdeationSuicide
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Brief Skills for Safer Living
- Registration Number
- NCT04495543
- Lead Sponsor
- Unity Health Toronto
- Brief Summary
Mental health concerns have been on the rise since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has worsened risk factors for suicide, including job loss, anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Timely and easy access to mental health services is a dire need, and this study will test the efficacy and feasibility of a brief clinical intervention, Brief Skills for Safer Living (Brief-SfSL), at reducing suicide risk. The goal of this study is to investigate whether Brief-SfSL, delivered online, is a suitable, acceptable and effective method for reducing suicide risk and providing timely mental health services. The results from this study will provide vital insight into effective interventions for suicide risk that are accessible and can be widely distributed.
- Detailed Description
This study will test a brief online clinical intervention targeting suicide risk that will be delivered widely, remotely, rapidly and with minimal load on the healthcare system in Canada. The "Skills for Safer Living" (SfSL) intervention, a transdiagnostic 20-week group therapy intervention designed to teach concepts, skills and coping strategies through modules targeting common areas of deficits (Personal Safety, Emotional Literacy, Interpersonal Relationships and Problem-Solving), will be adapted into a single session "Brief-SfSL" that can be delivered in an online format. The proposed study will test the effectiveness of Brief-SfSL on reducing suicide risk, as measured by reductions in suicidal ideation after 3 months, and will provide evidence for a scalable intervention that can broadly reach urban and rural communities. Lack of suicide intervention services is an immense unmet need that is especially pronounced during this pandemic and is associated with increased burden on individuals and on the healthcare system. Considering the long wait times to access consistent psychiatric services, this proposed intervention is an essential step in providing evidence-based accessible suicide risk services during and even beyond the pandemic.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 77
- 18 years or older
- Experiencing suicidal ideation in the past week (Beck Suicide Scale>10)
- Ability to undergo psychotherapy in English
- Access to a computer with a camera or a mobile phone with a camera
- Access to internet
- Access to an emergency contact and hospital within commuting distance
- Not receiving other psychotherapy concurrently
- Willing to have the session recorded to review therapy fidelity
- Follow-up visits with a psychiatrist or family doctor where a psychotherapeutic modality (e.g. DBT, psychodynamic therapy, etc.) is not being used are allowable.
- The presence of cognitive impairment that would limit consent or understanding of Brief-SfSL
- The presence of active psychosis
- Current substance use disorder
- Unwilling or unable to provide informed consent
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SINGLE_GROUP
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Brief-Skills for Safer Living (Brief-SfSL) Brief Skills for Safer Living Participants with current suicidal ideation (Beck Suicide Scale \>10) will undergo Brief-SfSLtherapy
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in suicidal ideation using Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation From baseline to 3 months; also administered at screening, 1 week and 1 month Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation is a 21-item self-report scale that quantifies suicidal ideation. Items are scored 0 to 2 and yield a total score ranging from 0 to 38. Higher scores reflect greater severity of suicidal ideation.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in depression symptoms using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms self-report scale (QIDS-SR) From baseline to 3 months; also administered at 1 week and 1 month The QIDS-SR is a 16-item validated self-report depression scale. Total scores range from 0 (none) to 27 (very severe).
Change in Acquired Capability of Suicide Scale (ACSS) From baseline to 3 months; also administered at 1 week and 1 month The ACSS is a 20-item self-report instrument to assess the construct of acquired capability. Total scores range from 0 to 80, with higher scores reflecting greater acquired capability.
Change in Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) score From baseline to 3 months; also administered at 1 week and 1 month The DARS is a 26-item self-report scale measuring anhedonia across four domains. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale with lower total scores reflecting more severe anhedonia.
Change in anxiety symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) From baseline to 3 months; also administered at 1 week and 1 month The GAD-7 is a brief 7-item self-report scale measuring anxiety symptoms. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores reflecting more severe anxiety.
Change in Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire score From baseline to 3 months; also administered at 1 week and 1 month The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire is a 15-item self-report scale assessing connectedness to others and burdensomeness. Items are rated 1 to 7, with total scores ranging from 15 to 105. Higher scores reflect worse outcomes.
Change in Treatment Utilization From screening to 3 months; also administered at 1 month Use of healthcare services will be assessed through four questions enquiring about the frequency and description of health care professional visits, use of mental health services, hospital admissions, and emergency room visits in the preceding specified time frame (1-3 months).
Change in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) score From baseline to 3 months; also administered at 1 month The SDS is a brief 3-item self-report scale that probes work/school, social, and family/home functioning. Each item is scored from 0 to 10. Total scores range from 0 (unimpaired) to 30 (highly impaired).
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
St. Michael's Hospital
🇨🇦Toronto, Ontario, Canada