The Effect of Mechanical Vibration and Helfer Skin Tap Technique on Procedural Pain in Healthy Infants During Intramuscular Vaccination: a Randomized Controlled Study
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Procedural Pain
- Sponsor
- Istanbul Medeniyet University
- Enrollment
- 108
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Procedural pain score: FLACC Pain Scale
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- last year
Overview
Brief Summary
This study will be conducted to determine the effect of mechanical vibration and Helfer Skin Tap technique applied during intramuscular vaccinations on procedural pain level, crying time and procedure time in healthy infants.
Detailed Description
Vaccination is one of the painful procedures routinely performed in infants. The pain experienced by the infant negatively affects the prognosis of the disease, the infant's behavior, the harmony with the environment, the development of the brain and senses, as well as the family infant interaction. Nonpharmacologic methods have been found to be effective in alleviating pain during interventions that cause pain caused by medical procedures that infants frequently encounter. Mechanical vibration and Helfer skin tap technique are effective methods that can be used in nonpharmacologic procedural pain management. Studies have commonly used parent-related methods (kangaroo care, mother/ father cuddling, breastfeeding, etc.) for neonatal pain management during vaccine administrations. In units where access to the parent is not always possible, nonpharmacologic pain methods that can be used independently of the parent can be used in the management of needle related acute pain. In addition, no study was found in the literature comparing the effect of mechanical vibration and Helfer skin tap technique on hepatitis B and DTaP-IPV-Hib vaccinations-related pain. This study will be investigated the effects of mechanical vibration and Helfer skin tap technique methods on procedural pain, crying time and duration of the procedure during intramuscular vaccinations in healthy term infants.
Investigators
Aynur Aytekin Ozdemir
Professor
Istanbul Medeniyet University
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •healthy term infants
- •born at 38-42 weeks gestational week,
- •birth weight 2500-4400 g,
- •in stable health,
- •able to carry out vital activities without support,
- •babies ordered third dose Hepatitis B vaccine by the doctor
Exclusion Criteria
- •with a genetic or congenital anomaly,
- •neurological, cardiological and metabolic diseases,
- •in need of respiratory support,
- •acute or chronic illness that causes pain,
- •a complication of childbirth,
- •nerve damage or deformity in the extremity to be vaccinated, scar tissue or incision in the vastus lateralis region.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Procedural pain score: FLACC Pain Scale
Time Frame: 1 min before, during, 1 min after and 3 min after the painful procedure, an average of 4-5 minutes
The FLACC scale includes the evaluation of five basic behavioural categories. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Pain Diagnostic Scale (FLACC) was conducted. Each of facial expressions, leg movements, activity, crying, and consolability parameters also consists of three sub-items. The items are scored as 0, 1, and 2 point(s) respectively, with total score ranging between 0 to 10 point(s). The "0" point shows that there is no pain, 1-3 points refer to mild pain, 4-6 points refer to moderate pain, and 7-10 points refer to severe pain in infants.
Secondary Outcomes
- Crying time during the procedure(Through painful procedure completion, an average of 4 minutes)
- Length of procedure time(Through painful procedure completion, an average of 60 seconds)