Fatigue and Recovery: a Comparison Between Trail and Marathon
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Terminated
- Enrollment
- 46
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in knee extensors maximal isometric torque output
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Road marathon is a famous running race known for hundreds of years. Trail running is an emerging running discipline which count new runners every year. Trail running and road marathon are two running endurance disciplines which differed by variation of elevation and nature of the terrain. While marathon is essentially run on flat roads, trail races are realized on steep paths (mountain, desert…) with an important variation of elevation. Neuromuscular, biomechanical and physiological consequences are different depending on the discipline, especially with a greater eccentric contribution in trail running. In spite of this characteristic, trail runners take part in several races longer than 40 km per year, while road runners participate in one to two marathons per year.
Detailed Description
Some studies focused on fatigue and recovery following 30-to-40-km trail races or marathon but no direct comparison between both disciplines have been done yet. A direct comparison between marathon and trail would aim to better understand if the occurrence of fatigue is more important or if the recovery is longer in one of the two disciplines. The comparison is also a way to better understand mechanisms involved in fatigue and recovery following a trail and a marathon. Then, this research could be applied to improve specificity of training and prevent risk of injuries. This project aims to compare fatigue and recovery following a trail and a marathon.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Non Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Screening
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 55 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Common for MARASIM, TRAILSIM and TRAILNAT:
- •Male or female
- •18-55 years old
- •Endurance runners who run at least one running session of 20 km per week
- •Being able to run a marathon under 5 h or finishing a trail of 30 km during the last 3 years
- •Refrain from participating to a competition one month before the first visit and during the duration of the study
- •To have a medical certificate of no contraindication of running practise in competition
- •Registered with a social security scheme
- •Having given the written consent freely
- •Specific for the 3 groups :
- •Specialist of trail running (TRAILSIM and TRAILNAT)
- •Specialist of road running (MARASIM)
Exclusion Criteria
- •Subjects who present cardiac or articular chronic pathologies (example: repeated sprain, patellar or joint problems)
- •Subjects who present chronic or central neurological pathologies
- •Subjects deprived of liberty or who should be legally deprived
- •Subjects who report to take forbidden products by the World Anti-Doping Agency
- •pregnant or breastfeeding woman
Arms & Interventions
TRAILSIM
During visit 2, trail runners will take part in a simulated trail race on a treadmill.
Intervention: Race: Simulated trail (Other)
MARASIM
During visit 2, road runners will take part in a simulated marathon race on a treadmill.
Intervention: Race: Simulated marathon (Other)
TRAILNAT
During visit 2, trail runners will take part in a real trail race in the nature.
Intervention: Race: Trail in nature (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in knee extensors maximal isometric torque output
Time Frame: Day 0 (day of the race) baseline value = 30 minutes before the race and 15 minutes after the race
The primary outcome will be changed (in % of baseline value) of the maximal voluntary torque (in Nm) produced by the knee extensors, measured at D0 (= day of the race) with an isometric knee dynamometer (ARS dynamometry, SP2, Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia), before (baseline value = 30 minutes before the race) and at the end (15 minutes after the race) of a marathon or a trail (depending on the group)
Secondary Outcomes
- Change in plantar flexor maximal isometric torque output(Day 0 (day of the race) baseline value = 30 minutes before the race and 15 minutes after the race, Days 1, 2, 7)
- Recovery of quadriceps maximal isometric torque output the month after the race(Day 0 (day of the race) baseline value = 30 minutes before the race, (Day 1 (= 24 hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Voluntary activation level(D0 (day of the race) baseline value = 30 min before the race, in the middle of the race (except for the trail in the nature) and 15 min after the race;D1 = 24h after the end of the race , D2 = 48h after the end of the race, D7 = 7 days after the end)
- Force assessed in dynamic(Day 0 15 minutes before the race, after the marathon or trail ( 1 hour after the end), and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24 hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Velocity assessed in dynamic(Day 0 15 minutes before the race, after the marathon or trail ( 1 hour after the end), and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24 hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Power assessed in dynamic(Day 0 15 minutes before the race, after the marathon or trail ( 1 hour after the end), and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24 hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Muscular power and stretch-shortening cycle assessed through squat jumps(Day 0 15 minutes before the race, after the marathon or trail ( 1 hour after the end), and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24 hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Muscular power and stretch-shortening cycle assessed through countermovement jump(Day 0 15 minutes before the race, after the marathon or trail ( 1 hour after the end), and during recovery (Day1 (= 24 hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Muscle electrical activity(Day 0: 30 minutes before the race, in the middle (except for the trail in the nature) 15 minutes after the end of the race)
- Muscular power and stretch-shortening cycle assessed through drop jump(Day 0 15 minutes before the race, after the marathon or trail ( 1 hour after the end), and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- The kinetics of energy cost(Day 0 1 hour 30 minutes before the race,in the middle, 30 minutes after the end of the race, and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Racing kinematics(1 hour before, in the middle and immediately after the race and during recovery(Day 1 (= 24hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Ground reaction force (in Newton)(1hour before, in the middle (except for the trail in the nature) and immediately after the race and during recovery(Day 1 (= 24hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Center of pressure (in Newton)(1hour before, in the middle (except for the trail in the nature) and immediately after the race and during recovery(Day 1 (= 24hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Muscle damage blood markers(Day 0: 2hours before the race, 2hours after the race and during recovery (Day 1 (= 24hours after the end of the race) , Day 2 (= 48 hours after the end of the race), Day 7 (= 7 days after the end of the race).)
- Resting heart rate variability parameters(3 times in the 2 weeks before the race and every other day for the month following the race)
- Effort perception(D0 (day of the race) : during the race, every 5 kilometers effort)
- Fatigue assessment(Once during 2 weeks before, immediately after the race and during recovery (Day 1 = 24 hours after the race, Day 2 = 48 hours after, Day 3 = 72 hours after, Day 4, Day 5, Day 6, Day 7, Day 14, Day 21 and Day 30 after the race)
- Muscular pain(Day 0 (day of the race) : during the race, every 5 kilometers effort)