A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Repeated Cold- and Warm Water Immersion on Performance Recovery
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 30
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (N)
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The overall aim of this study is, to evaluate the effectiveness of repeated cold- and warm water immersion on performance recovery after muscle damage.
Detailed Description
Participants perform a muscle-damage protocol, which comprises 5x20 drop jumps. After the exercise protocol is finished, the participants will undergo one of three recovery interventions. Cold-water immersion, Warm-water immersion or the control-intervention. During the exercise protocol and the recovery intervention following parameters will be assessed: Blood oxygenation, Muscle oxygenation, heart-rate, skin temperature and core temperature.
Then, performance recovery will be assessed during the following 72 hrs (in a 24 hrs interval).
At each time-point, following measurements will be conducted: vertical-jump performance, maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the m.quadriceps femoris muscle, muscle swelling and delayed-onset of muscle soreness.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Basic Science
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 35 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- Female
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Healthy participants
- •No surgeries
- •No previous injuries
- •Anticonceptiva allowed
Exclusion Criteria
- •Acute injuries or current pain situations
- •Cryophobia
- •Pregnancy
- •Raynaud syndrome
- •Medication intake
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (N)
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
maximun voluntary isometric contraction of the knee extensor muscle will be assessed.
Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness (DOMS)
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
delayed onset of muscle soreness will be measured using a 0-10 scale, where 0 indicated no soreness and 10 indicates maximum soreness of the knee extensor muscles
Muscle Swelling
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
swelling of the knee extensor muscle will be performed using a ultrasound device.
Creatine-kinase (U/l)
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
using a blood sample (6 ml), creatine-kinase will be assessed
Muscle Blood Oxygenation
Time Frame: through recovery intervention up to 30 minutes
Muscle oxygenation saturation (SmO2) of the knee extensor muscle will be measured using near-infrared spectroscopy device. Oxygenated haemoglobin (oxyHb), deoxygenated haemoglobin (deoxyHb) and total haemoglobin (TotHb) were assessed in arbitrary units and SmO2 was calculated as oxyHb/TotHb x 100 value (%)
Skin Temperature (°C)
Time Frame: through recovery intervention up to 30 minutes
Skin temperature will be measured using a near infrared thermography camera
Core Temperature (°C)
Time Frame: through recovery intervention up to 30 minutes
core temperature will be measured using temperature pill that will provide real time values from the gastrointestinal region
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (N)
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
maximun voluntary isometric contraction of the knee extensor muscle will be assessed.
Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness (DOMS)
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
delayed onset of muscle soreness will be measured using a 0-10 scale, where 0 indicated no soreness and 10 indicates maximum soreness of the knee extensor muscles
Muscle Swelling
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
swelling of the knee extensor muscle will be performed using a ultrasound device.
Creatine-kinase (U/l)
Time Frame: baseline to 72 hours
using a blood sample (6 ml), creatine-kinase will be assessed
Muscle Blood Oxygenation
Time Frame: through recovery intervention up to 30 minutes
Muscle oxygenation saturation (SmO2) of the knee extensor muscle will be measured using near-infrared spectroscopy device. Oxygenated haemoglobin (oxyHb), deoxygenated haemoglobin (deoxyHb) and total haemoglobin (TotHb) were assessed in arbitrary units and SmO2 was calculated as oxyHb/TotHb x 100 value (%)
Skin Temperature (°C)
Time Frame: through recovery intervention up to 30 minutes
Skin temperature will be measured using a near infrared thermography camera
Core Temperature (°C)
Time Frame: through recovery intervention up to 30 minutes
core temperature will be measured using temperature pill that will provide real time values from the gastrointestinal region
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Ron Clijsen
Head of research
University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland